Tondel Martin, Nordquist Tobias, Isaksson Mats, Rääf Christopher, Wålinder Robert
Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Sweden.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Environ Epidemiol. 2020 Feb 11;4(2):e084. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000084. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Male hunters in Swedish counties with high fallout of Cs after the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident have higher radiation exposure due to higher consumption of game compared with the general population.
Cancer incidence in Sweden was studied in 9 counties with different Cs fallout after the Chernobyl NPP accident in 1986. In total, 9,267 cancer cases occurred in hunters and 138,909 cancer cases in non-hunters to 31 December 2015. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using unexposed hunters, or non-hunters, as reference to study internal radiation exposure or hunter life style, respectively.
Directly age standardized total cancer incidence showed an increasing trend in non-hunters. For hunters, the total cancer incidence was significantly lower up to 2001 when the total cancer incidence crossed over the weaker non-hunter trend and remained higher for the following 15 years. IRRs for total cancer in hunters versus non-hunters for each county did not show any clear exposure response pattern. IRRs for hunters versus non-hunters were higher regardless of rural/non-rural status with slightly higher risk estimates for the rural settings. The IRR for hunters was 1.06 (95% CI 1.04-1.08) 1986-2015, representing an excess of 531 cancer cases in hunters.
An increased total incidence of cancer was identified for male hunters compared with male non-hunters. No obvious association between cancer and Cs from the Chernobyl NPP accident could be identified, although the exposure classification was too crude to exclude such an association.
在切尔诺贝利核电站事故后铯沉降量高的瑞典各县，男性猎人因食用猎物量高于普通人群，所以辐射暴露量更高。
研究了1986年切尔诺贝利核电站事故后瑞典9个铯沉降量不同的县的癌症发病率。截至2015年12月31日，猎人中总共发生了9267例癌症病例，非猎人中发生了138909例癌症病例。分别以未暴露的猎人或非猎人为参照，计算发病率比（IRR）及其95%置信区间（CI），以研究内照射暴露或猎人生活方式。
直接年龄标准化后的总癌症发病率在非猎人中呈上升趋势。对于猎人，到2001年总癌症发病率显著较低，之后总癌症发病率超过了较低的非猎人趋势，并在随后15年一直较高。各县猎人相对于非猎人的总癌症IRR未显示出任何明确的暴露反应模式。无论农村/非农村状况如何，猎人相对于非猎人的IRR都较高，农村地区的风险估计略高。1986 - 2015年猎人的IRR为1.06（95%CI 1.04 - 1.08），这意味着猎人中额外有531例癌症病例。
与男性非猎人相比，男性猎人的总癌症发病率有所增加。虽然暴露分类过于粗略无法排除这种关联，但未发现癌症与切尔诺贝利核电站事故中的铯之间有明显关联。
