Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.
Dental Clinic, Department for Orthodontics, Niš, Serbia.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2022;81(2):472-480. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2021.0029. Epub 2021 Mar 29.
The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between mandibular divergence and facial soft tissue thickness (FSTT) measured at different profile levels, and the gender difference in FSTT.
Lateral cephalograms were used to examine nine linear distances: the glabella area (G-G1), nasal (N-N1) and subnasal area (A-Sn), upper (Sd-Ls) and lower lip thickness (Id-Li), mentolabial sulcus (B-Sm), chin area (Pg-Pg1), gnathion area (Gn-Gn1) and menton area (Me-Me1) in 155 adult Caucasian subjects (79 males, 76 females) from the central Balkan area. Subjects were divided into three groups according to the ANB angle, Wit's appraisal and SN/GoGn angle into normodivergent (28 male, 27 female subjects), hypodivergent (26 males, 25 females) and hyperdivergent (25 males, 24 females).
Progressive decreasing in the soft tissue thickness from hypo- towards hyperdivergent group was established in N-N1, A-Sn, Gn-Gn1, Me-Me1. There are significant differences in Gn-Gn1 and Me-Me1 (p < 0.02). Progressive increasing of FSTT happens only at the level of mentolabial sulcus and these differences are significant. Significant gender differences were established for the following distances: N-N1 in hyperdivergent, A-Sn in all three examined groups, the upper lip thickness in normo- and hyperdivergent, the lower lip thickness in hypodivergent, the thickness of mentolabial sulcus in hypo- and normodivergent, Pg-Pg1 in hyperdivergent and Me-Me1 in normodivergent subjects (p < 0.05).
Facial soft tissue thickness showed a various degree of dependence on vertical developmental pattern at different levels of measurement. The areas whose thickness is significantly conditioned by this pattern were established: the chin area at level Gn-Gn1, Me-Me1 and the region of the mentolabial sulcus (B-Sm). At most levels, male subjects have thicker soft tissues and these differences are significant for all three groups in the subnasal area.
本研究旨在评估下颌骨间距与不同侧面水平的面部软组织厚度（FSTT）之间的相关性，并探讨 FSTT 的性别差异。
使用侧位头颅侧位片测量了 9 个线性距离：眉间区（G-G1）、鼻区（N-N1）和鼻小柱区（A-Sn）、上唇厚度（Sd-Ls）和下唇厚度（Id-Li）、唇颏沟区（B-Sm）、颏区（Pg-Pg1）、下颌角区（Gn-Gn1）和颏下区（Me-Me1）。共纳入来自巴尔干半岛中部地区的 155 例成年白种人（男 79 例，女 76 例）。根据 ANB 角、Wit's 评价和 SN/GoGn 角，将受试者分为正常颌组（28 名男性，27 名女性）、低角组（26 名男性，25 名女性）和高角组（25 名男性，24 名女性）。
在 N-N1、A-Sn、Gn-Gn1 和 Me-Me1 区，软组织厚度从低角组逐渐向高角组递减，差异有统计学意义（p < 0.02）。仅在唇颏沟区的 FSTT 出现渐进性增加，差异有统计学意义。在高角组中，N-N1 和 Gn-Gn1 存在显著的性别差异（p < 0.05）。在所有三个检查组中，A-Sn 的差异均有统计学意义；在上唇厚度方面，在正常颌和高角组中，差异均有统计学意义；下唇厚度在低角组中差异有统计学意义；唇颏沟区的厚度在低角组和正常颌组中差异有统计学意义；在高角组中，Pg-Pg1 有显著差异；在正常颌组中，Me-Me1 有显著差异。
面部软组织厚度在不同测量水平上与垂直发育模式有不同程度的相关性。确定了受这种模式显著影响的区域：下颌角区 Gn-Gn1、Me-Me1 和唇颏沟区（B-Sm）。在大多数水平上，男性的软组织更厚，在鼻小柱区，三组的差异均有统计学意义。
