Institute of Psychology and Education.
Cognitive Psychology.
Psychol Assess. 2021 Jun;33(6):511-525. doi: 10.1037/pas0001006. Epub 2021 Mar 29.
Enduring patterns of socially aversive behavior are ascribed to stable personality disorders (such as narcissistic or antisocial tendencies) in clinical psychology or to so called "dark" traits in personality psychology. As recently shown, the substantial overlap among the latter constructs is attributable to a single underlying disposition, called the (D). Whereas evidence supports the conceptualization of D as the core of aversive traits, the structure of the specific factors of D received less empirical attention so far. To this end, this study further scrutinizes the internal structure of D with items stemming from 12 different aversive traits assessed in three large and heterogeneous samples (total N > 160,000). Specifically, we (a) explored the bifactor structure of D using a modified "bass-ackwards" approach, (b) cross-validated the identified factor solutions via confirmatory factor analyses, and (c) examined the empirical relation of D and the specific factors to five criterion measures. Results indicate that a bifactor structure modeling D along with five specific factors-or themes-labeled Callousness, Deceitfulness, Narcissistic Entitlement, Sadism, and Vindictiveness, best describes the internal structure of D. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
持久的社交回避行为模式归因于临床心理学中的稳定人格障碍（如自恋或反社会倾向）或人格心理学中的所谓“黑暗”特质。最近的研究表明，后者的结构存在大量重叠归因于一种单一的潜在倾向，称为（D）。尽管有证据支持将 D 概念化为厌恶特质的核心，但迄今为止，D 的具体因素结构受到的实证关注较少。为此，本研究使用来自三个大型且异质样本（总 N > 160,000）中评估的 12 种不同厌恶特质的项目进一步仔细研究了 D 的内部结构。具体来说，我们 (a) 使用改进的“倒推”方法探索了 D 的双因素结构，(b) 通过验证性因素分析对确定的因素解决方案进行了交叉验证，以及 (c) 检验了 D 和特定因素与五个标准测量之间的经验关系。结果表明，一种双因素结构模型，沿 D 与五个特定因素（或主题）建模——即无情、欺骗、自恋、施虐和报复，最好地描述了 D 的内部结构。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
