Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 22;14(1):19504. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-69473-6.
Unlike the cognitions associated with depressive symptoms, little is known about those associated with antisocial personality and with its related traits ("dark traits"). Using the scrambled sentences task, an instrument from depression research, we investigated cognitions such as justifications (external blaming for one's behavior) and harm to others (based on the notion that some of these individuals enjoy harming or humiliating others) that we hypothesized may be prevalent in those high in antisocial personality traits. Confirming our hypothesis, these cognitions were associated with ratings on different antisocial personality scales and with antisocial and detachment scores in the alternative model of personality disorders of the DSM-5 (AMPD) in three non-clinical samples, but not with depressive symptoms or neuroticism. Cognitions including harm to others were differentially associated with high sadism. These findings empirically characterize classes of cognitions that are shared by individuals with antisocial tendencies, and that differ from those associated with depressive symptoms.
与抑郁症状相关的认知不同，我们对与反社会人格及其相关特征（“黑暗特征”）相关的认知知之甚少。我们使用从抑郁研究中获得的打乱句子任务这一工具，研究了一些认知，如为自己的行为找借口（将责任归咎于他人）和伤害他人（基于这样一种观点，即这些人中有一些人喜欢伤害或羞辱他人），我们假设这些认知在具有反社会人格特征的人中可能很普遍。我们的假设得到了证实，这些认知与不同的反社会人格量表的评分以及 DSM-5 人格障碍替代模型（AMPD）中的反社会和冷漠评分相关，但与抑郁症状或神经质无关。包括伤害他人在内的认知与高度施虐倾向存在差异关联。这些发现从实证上描述了具有反社会倾向的个体所共有的认知类别，这些认知与与抑郁症状相关的认知不同。
