人源 CRISPR 基因编辑 CAR-T 细胞的生产。
Production of Human CRISPR-Engineered CAR-T Cells.
机构信息
Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania.
Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Pennsylvania;
出版信息
J Vis Exp. 2021 Mar 15(169). doi: 10.3791/62299.
Adoptive cell therapies using chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) have demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy in patients with hematological malignancies and are currently being investigated for various solid tumors. CAR-T cells are generated by removing T cells from a patient's blood and engineering them to express a synthetic immune receptor that redirects the T-cells to recognize and eliminate target tumor cells. Gene editing of CAR-T cells has the potential to improve safety of current CAR-T cell therapies and further increase the efficacy of CAR-T cells. Here, we describe methods for the activation, expansion, and characterization of human CRISPR-engineered CD19 directed CAR-T cells. This comprises transduction of the CAR lentiviral vector and use of single guide RNA (sgRNA) and Cas9 endonuclease to target genes of interest in T cells. The methods described in this protocol can be universally applied to other CAR constructs and target genes beyond the ones used for this study. Furthermore, this protocol discusses strategies for gRNA design, lead gRNA selection and target gene knockout validation to reproducibly achieve high-efficiency, multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 engineering of clinical grade human T cells.
嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞(CAR-T 细胞)的过继细胞疗法已在血液系统恶性肿瘤患者中显示出显著的临床疗效,目前正在对各种实体瘤进行研究。CAR-T 细胞是通过从患者的血液中去除 T 细胞,并对其进行工程改造,使其表达一种合成免疫受体,从而将 T 细胞重新定向识别和消除靶肿瘤细胞。CAR-T 细胞的基因编辑有可能提高现有 CAR-T 细胞疗法的安全性,并进一步提高 CAR-T 细胞的疗效。在这里,我们描述了用于激活、扩增和表征人类 CRISPR 工程化 CD19 导向的 CAR-T 细胞的方法。这包括 CAR 慢病毒载体的转导以及使用单指导 RNA(sgRNA)和 Cas9 内切酶来靶向 T 细胞中的感兴趣基因。本方案中描述的方法可普遍应用于其他 CAR 构建体和靶基因,而不限于本研究中使用的那些。此外,本方案还讨论了 gRNA 设计、先导 gRNA 选择和靶基因敲除验证的策略,以可重复地实现高效、多重 CRISPR-Cas9 工程化临床级人 T 细胞。