Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603 102, India.
Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Facilities, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603 102, India; HomiBhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India.
Chemosphere. 2021 Aug;277:130252. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130252. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
Technologies for remediation of industrial effluents and natural sources contaminated with antimony - a pollutant of emerging concern - are just emerging. The complex speciation of antimony makes it challenging to devise effective remediation technologies. Antimony is used in several industrial applications and comes into the environment majorly through human induced activities such as antimony mining and other activities involving the use of various products containing antimony. Many researchers are working on the important task of developing methodologies to stop or limit the release of antimony into the environment through these activities. Antimony removal is an important requirement in nuclear industry as well due to the formation of its radioactive isotopes during power plant operations. Thus, better antimony remediation or removal techniques can have wider applications ranging from domestic water treatment and industrial effluent remediation to safe isolation of radioactive waste in the nuclear industry. Proper understanding of the problem is very important in designing the source appropriate remediation technique. Treatment methodologies needed for antimony effluents from antimony mining and smelting industries are different from antimony decontamination in nuclear reactors. The problem of antimony leaching from a polyethylene terephthalate bottle is very much different from the leaching of antimony from mining wastes. Each process necessitates custom-made treatment methodologies by taking into account various factors including the speciation and concentration. The current review is focused on this aspect. The review attempts to bring out a clear understanding on various industry specific sources of antimony pollution and the available antimony removal/remediation technologies.
用于修复受锑污染（一种新兴关注的污染物）的工业废水和自然水源的技术刚刚出现。锑的复杂形态使其难以设计有效的修复技术。锑在几种工业应用中使用，主要通过人类活动如锑矿开采和其他涉及使用各种含锑产品的活动进入环境。许多研究人员正在开展一项重要任务，即开发方法来阻止或限制这些活动将锑释放到环境中。由于在电厂运行过程中形成其放射性同位素，因此在核工业中去除锑也是一项重要要求。因此，更好的锑修复或去除技术可以更广泛地应用于从家庭水处理和工业废水处理到核工业中放射性废物的安全隔离。在设计合适的修复技术时，对问题的正确理解非常重要。来自锑矿开采和冶炼行业的锑废水处理所需的处理方法与核反应堆中的锑去污不同。从聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯瓶中浸出锑的问题与从采矿废物中浸出锑的问题大不相同。每个过程都需要根据各种因素（包括形态和浓度）定制专门的处理方法。本综述重点关注这一方面。该综述试图清楚地了解各种特定行业的锑污染来源和可用的锑去除/修复技术。
