Department of Psychology, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2021 Jun;51:102914. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102914. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
Death anxiety (DA) in chronic diseases has occupied the human mind more than other diseases. Therefore, multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are more prone to DA due to recurrence periods.
Among the psychological interventions the two approaches of logotherapy (LT) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), They pay more attention and concentration on the subject of suffering. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of these two approaches on DA in MS patients.
The statistical population included 48 women who were diagnosed as MS patients and had medical records at Iran MS Society in Tehran, in terms of entry and exit criteria, which were selected by convenience sampling. Then they were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. This plan has an independent variable at three levels including: LT, ACT and the control group. The dependent variables are the subjects' scores on the Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R) (Wong., Reker & Gesser, 1994). Therapeutic interventions included 12 sessions of 2 h per week. A 3-hour workshop was held for the control group. in which patients were provided with basic information about the psychological problems of MS, but no strategy was presented. In order to obtain the results, the analysis of covariance was used and in the follow-up study, repeated measures analysis of variance with an intergroup variable (mixed model) was used.
It showed that both LT and ACT groups were able to be effective and reduce DA in comparison with the control group and such a positive effect on the improvement of DA was evident both in the post-test and follow-up stages. However, no significant differences were observed in comparing the effectiveness of the two intervention methods, so both methods were effective in reducing DA due to the nature of suffering.
Considering the effectiveness of LT and ACT in reducing DA in MS patients, the results of this study can be used in order to achieve therapeutic goals and reduce psychological problems in chronic diseases.
与其他疾病相比，慢性病患者的死亡焦虑（DA）更为普遍。因此，多发性硬化症（MS）患者由于反复发作，更容易出现 DA。
在心理干预中，意义疗法（LT）和接受与承诺疗法（ACT）这两种方法更关注和专注于苦难的主题。因此，本研究旨在比较这两种方法对 MS 患者 DA 的治疗效果。
研究对象为 48 名女性，她们被诊断为 MS 患者，并在德黑兰伊朗多发性硬化症协会有病历记录，按照进入和排除标准，采用方便抽样法选择这些患者。然后，他们被随机分为两个实验组和一个对照组。该方案有三个水平的自变量，分别为：LT、ACT 和对照组。因变量为受试者死亡态度量表修订版（DAP-R）的得分（Wong、Reker 和 Gesser，1994）。治疗干预包括每周 2 小时，共 12 次。对照组则进行了 3 小时的小组讨论，向患者提供有关 MS 心理问题的基本信息，但不提出任何策略。为了获得结果，采用协方差分析，在后续研究中，采用组间变量的重复测量方差分析（混合模型）。
结果表明，与对照组相比，LT 和 ACT 组均能有效降低 DA，且这种对 DA 改善的积极影响在测试后和随访阶段都很明显。然而，两种干预方法的效果没有显著差异，因此两种方法都能有效减轻由于痛苦而导致的 DA。
鉴于 LT 和 ACT 在降低 MS 患者 DA 方面的有效性，本研究结果可用于实现治疗目标，减轻慢性病患者的心理问题。
