Division of AIDS Research, National Institute of Mental Health, 5601 Fishers Lane, 9G19, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA.
Office of AIDS Research, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA.
AIDS Behav. 2021 Nov;25(Suppl 2):127-132. doi: 10.1007/s10461-021-03234-8. Epub 2021 Mar 29.
Social determinants are increasingly understood as key contributors to patterns of heightened risk for HIV acquisition and suboptimal care and treatment outcomes. Yet, the ability to rigorously model, map and measure these nuanced social dynamics has been a challenge, resulting in limited examples of effective interventions and resource allocation. In 2016, the United States National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) issued a Request for Applications calling for methodological innovations around the social determinants of HIV. In May of 2019, NIMH, in collaboration with American University's Center on Health, Risk and Society and the DC Center for AIDS Research, sponsored a symposium to bring together the funded teams to share accomplishments, distill lessons learned and reflect on the state of the science with other key stakeholders. Presentations focused on causal inference, multi-level analysis and mathematical modeling (Models); geospatial analytics and ecological momentary assessments (Maps); and measurement of social and structural determinants including inequalities and stigmas (Measures). Cross-cutting and higher-level themes were discussed and largely focused on the importance of critical and careful integration of social theory, community engagement and mixed methodologies into research on the social determinants of HIV.
社会决定因素越来越被认为是导致 HIV 感染风险增加和护理及治疗效果不佳的关键因素。然而，严谨地对这些细微的社会动态进行建模、绘图和测量的能力一直是一个挑战，导致有效的干预措施和资源分配的例子有限。2016 年，美国国家心理健康研究所（NIMH）和国家过敏和传染病研究所（NIAID）发布了一份申请指南，呼吁在 HIV 的社会决定因素方面进行方法学创新。2019 年 5 月，NIMH 与美利坚大学健康、风险和社会中心以及华盛顿特区艾滋病研究中心合作，举办了一次专题研讨会，召集受资助的团队分享成果，总结经验教训，并与其他利益攸关方一起反思该领域的科学现状。演讲重点关注因果推理、多层次分析和数学建模（模型）；地理空间分析和生态瞬间评估（地图）；以及社会和结构决定因素的测量，包括不平等和污名（措施）。还讨论了跨领域和更高层次的主题，主要集中在将社会理论、社区参与和混合方法严谨而谨慎地纳入 HIV 社会决定因素研究的重要性上。
