Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, IRD, UPS, (UMR5174) - Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Office Française de la Biodiversité, DRAS/UPFSEO - UMR EcoFoG, Juvignac, France.
Mol Ecol Resour. 2021 Aug;21(6):1875-1888. doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.13393. Epub 2021 Apr 14.
Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has emerged as one of the most efficient methods to assess aquatic species presence. While the method can in theory be used to investigate nonaquatic fauna, its development for inventorying semi-aquatic and terrestrial fauna is still at an early stage. Here we investigated the potential of aquatic eDNA metabarcoding for inventorying mammals in Neotropical environments, be they aquatic, semi-aquatic or terrestrial. We collected aquatic eDNA in 96 sites distributed along three Guianese watersheds and compared our inventories to expected species distributions and field observations derived from line transects located throughout French Guiana. Species occurrences and emblematic mammalian fauna richness patterns were consistent with the expected distribution of fauna and our results revealed that aquatic eDNA metabarcoding brings additional data to line transect samples for diurnal nonaquatic (terrestrial and arboreal) species. Aquatic eDNA also provided data on species not detectable in line transect surveys such as semi-aquatic, aquatic and nocturnal terrestrial and arboreal species. Although the application of eDNA to inventory mammals still needs some developments to optimize sampling efficiency, it can now be used as a complement to traditional surveys.
环境 DNA（eDNA）宏条形码技术已成为评估水生物种存在的最有效方法之一。虽然该方法理论上可用于调查非水生动物群，但它在半水生和陆生动物群的清查方面仍处于早期阶段。在这里，我们研究了水生 eDNA 宏条形码技术在清查新热带环境中的哺乳动物的潜力，无论它们是水生、半水生还是陆生。我们在三个圭亚那流域的 96 个地点收集了水生 eDNA，并将我们的清查结果与从法属圭亚那各地的样线调查中得出的预期物种分布和实地观测结果进行了比较。物种出现和标志性哺乳动物丰富度模式与动物群的预期分布一致，我们的结果表明，水生 eDNA 宏条形码为样线样本提供了昼间非水生（陆地和树栖）物种的额外数据。水生 eDNA 还提供了在样线调查中无法检测到的物种的数据，例如半水生、水生和夜间陆生和树栖物种。尽管 eDNA 在清查哺乳动物方面的应用仍需要一些发展来优化采样效率，但它现在可以用作传统调查的补充。
