Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Biologia, Laboratório de Citogenética e Cultura de Tecidos, Alto Universitário, s/n, Caixa Postal 16, 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil.
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Exatas, Naturais e da Saúde, Departamento de Farmácia e Nutrição, Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Alto Universitário, s/n, Caixa Postal 16, 29500-000 Alegre, ES, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2021 Mar 26;93(1):e20181262. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202120181262. eCollection 2021.
Due to rising concerns for environmental and human health, many toxic compounds, such as auxin-based herbicides, have been tested in relation their toxicity effect. Especially cyto- and phytotoxic assays have been performed on a number monocot and eudicot plant species. In these approaches the toxicity level of the auxin is compared to a positive control - usually a commercial compound with known effects and chemical similarity to the target compound. However, many target compounds still lack an indication of an adequate positive control. Here, we evaluate the phytotoxic and cytotoxic effect of the auxins 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, dicamba, and picloram in order test their potential use as positive controls. All tested auxinic herbicides showed clastogenic and aneugenic effect mechanisms. The results indicate 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid as the most phyto- and cytotoxic in the discontinuous method in Lactuca sativa L. and Allium cepa L., and also in the continuous method in A. cepa. Thus, we suggest 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid as a positive control for future mutagenesis studies involving new auxins. For studies with L. sativa in continuous method, we recommend the auxin picloram as positive control as this one was the only one which allowed the development of roots.
由于对环境和人类健康的担忧日益增加，许多有毒化合物，如基于生长素的除草剂，已经被测试其毒性作用。特别是细胞毒性和植物毒性测定已经在许多单子叶植物和双子叶植物物种上进行。在这些方法中，生长素的毒性水平与阳性对照物进行比较-通常是一种具有已知效果和与目标化合物化学相似性的商业化合物。然而，许多目标化合物仍然缺乏适当的阳性对照物的指示。在这里，我们评估了生长素 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸、麦草畏和百草枯的植物毒性和细胞毒性作用，以测试它们作为阳性对照物的潜在用途。所有测试的植物生长素除草剂都显示出断裂剂和致畸剂的作用机制。结果表明，2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸在连续法中对生菜（Lactuca sativa L.）和洋葱（Allium cepa L.）具有最显著的细胞毒性和细胞毒性作用，在连续法中对洋葱也具有最显著的细胞毒性作用。因此，我们建议 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸作为涉及新生长素的未来诱变研究的阳性对照物。对于连续法中生菜的研究，我们建议使用生长素百草枯作为阳性对照物，因为它是唯一允许根发育的生长素。
