Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
Pediatr Radiol. 2021 Nov;51(12):2351-2367. doi: 10.1007/s00247-020-04906-8. Epub 2021 Mar 31.
Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography (ceVUS) is a well-established, sensitive and safe ultrasound (US) modality for detecting and grading vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and urethral imaging in children. Nearly three decades of remarkable advances in US technology and US contrast agents have refined ceVUS's diagnostic potential. The recent approval of Lumason/SonoVue in the United States, Europe and China for pediatric intravesical applications marked the beginning of a new era for this type of contrast US imaging. Consequently, the use of ceVUS in children has expanded to multiple places around the globe. In the first part of this review article, we describe the current experience in the use of ceVUS for VUR evaluation, with an emphasis on historical background, examination technique, image interpretation and diagnostic accuracy. In the second part, we will present the role of ceVUS for urethral imaging in children.
对比增强超声排尿造影术（ceVUS）是一种成熟、敏感且安全的超声（US）技术，可用于检测和分级儿童的膀胱输尿管反流（VUR）和尿道成像。近三十年来，US 技术和 US 对比剂的显著进步，提高了 ceVUS 的诊断潜能。Lumason/SonoVue 在美国、欧洲和中国获准用于小儿膀胱内应用，标志着这种类型的对比 US 成像新时代的开始。因此，ceVUS 在全球多个地方的应用范围也在扩大。在这篇综述文章的第一部分，我们描述了 ceVUS 在 VUR 评估中的应用经验，重点介绍了历史背景、检查技术、图像解释和诊断准确性。在第二部分，我们将介绍 ceVUS 在儿童尿道成像中的作用。
