Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš, Serbia.
Department of Research Methodology, Measurement and Data Analysis, Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente, the Netherlands.
Psychol Rep. 2022 Jun;125(3):1687-1713. doi: 10.1177/00332941211005123. Epub 2021 Mar 31.
Research suggests that people attribute more negative traits to individuals with obesity than to non-obese individuals, and that females with obesity are seen more negatively than males. The theory also suggests that stereotypes are cognitive predecessors of prejudices. The aims of this research were to examine the latent structure underlying anti-fat stereotypical traits, differences in perceiving individuals with obesity and non-obese individuals, male and female individuals with obesity, as well as the role of anti-fat stereotypes in anti-fat prejudices. The sample consisted of 106 respondents (Male = 16; Female = 86; Mean age = 19.98), who graded stimuli photographs of male and female individuals (with obesity and average-weight) on series of anti-fat stereotypical traits on two occasions, and filled in Anti-fat prejudices questionnaire. The data were analyzed through EFA and CFA, ANOVA, and structural equation modeling (moderation). Four factors behind stereotypical traits were extracted: Positive social image, Perceived lack of self-care, Perceived persistence, and Antipathy. It has been shown that respondents gave stimuli photographs of individuals with obesity lower scores on Positive social image and Perceived persistence, and higher scores on Perceived lack of self-care and Antipathy. The same results were obtained for females within the subsample of individuals with obesity. Furthermore, it has been shown that certain anti-fat stereotypes (Positive social image, Perceived lack of self-care, and Perceived persistence) predict anti-fat prejudices, and that gender was a significant moderator of the effect of Perceived lack of self-care on anti-fat prejudices. We can conclude that individuals with obesity are indeed seen in a more negative light than non-obese individuals, and that this is more pronounced for females with obesity, which is in accordance with previous studies. Moreover, the results suggest the possible role of anti-fat stereotypes as cognitive predecessors of anti-fat prejudices, and that gender of individuals with obesity has an effect on this relationship.
研究表明，人们会将更多负面特征归因于肥胖者，而不是非肥胖者，并且肥胖女性比肥胖男性受到更负面的评价。该理论还表明，刻板印象是偏见的认知前身。本研究的目的是检验反肥胖刻板特征的潜在结构，以及个体感知肥胖和非肥胖个体、肥胖男性和女性个体的差异，以及反肥胖刻板印象在反肥胖偏见中的作用。样本由 106 名受访者（男性=16；女性=86；平均年龄=19.98）组成，他们两次对男性和女性个体（肥胖和平均体重）的刺激照片进行了一系列反肥胖刻板特征的评分，并填写了反肥胖偏见问卷。数据通过 EFA 和 CFA、ANOVA 和结构方程模型（调节）进行分析。从刻板印象特征中提取出四个因素：积极的社会形象、感知缺乏自我照顾、感知持续存在和反感。结果表明，受访者对肥胖个体的刺激照片在积极的社会形象和感知持续存在方面的评分较低，而在感知缺乏自我照顾和反感方面的评分较高。在肥胖个体的子样本中，女性也得到了同样的结果。此外，研究还表明，某些反肥胖刻板印象（积极的社会形象、感知缺乏自我照顾和感知持续存在）可以预测反肥胖偏见，并且性别是感知缺乏自我照顾对反肥胖偏见影响的一个重要调节因素。我们可以得出结论，肥胖个体确实比非肥胖个体受到更负面的评价，而肥胖女性则更为明显，这与之前的研究结果一致。此外，研究结果表明，反肥胖刻板印象可能是反肥胖偏见的认知前身，肥胖个体的性别对这种关系有影响。
