Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, RAS Petrozavodsk, Pushkinskaya 11, Republic of Karelia, Russia.
Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Borgoño 16344, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Acta Parasitol. 2021 Sep;66(3):1021-1030. doi: 10.1007/s11686-021-00347-x. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
The intertidal and supratidal coastal zone challenges the osmoregulatory capacity of aquatic inhabitants. Four new species of Gyrodactylus ectoparasites on two intertidal fishes from Chile are described based on molecular and morphological analyses.
Monogeneans were found from two fish species, the clingfish Sicyases sanguineus Müller & Troschel, 1843 and the combtooth blenny Scartichthys viridis Valenciennes, 1836. The morphology was described by drawings, and minimal measurements. The parasites were barcoded via the sequencing of the ribosomal DNA over ITS1-5.8S-ITS2.
The air-breathing clingfish S. sanguineus carried Gyrodactylus amphibius sp. nov., hiding in the ventral sucker formed by the modified pectoral fins of the fish. The intertidal combtooth blenny S. viridis carried three other new species: Gyrodactylus scartichthi sp. nov., Gyrodactylus viridae sp. nov., and Gyrodactylus zietarae sp. nov.
The four new species were all phylogenetically related with the previously described G. chileani Ziętara et al. 2012 on triplefin Helcogrammoides chilensis Cancino, 1960 in the same habitat. Thus, the five Chilean Pacific Gyrodactylus species formed a statistically well-supported (100%) monophyletic clade together with three geographically distant species recorded in Europe. The Chilean Pacific parasites are not related to G. salinae and G. magadiensis, parasites described in extreme osmotic stress environments earlier.
潮间带和潮上带沿海区域对水生生物的渗透调节能力构成挑战。本研究基于分子和形态分析，描述了智利两种潮间带鱼类身上的 4 种新的 Gyrodactylus 外寄生虫。
从两种鱼类中发现了单殖吸虫，分别是贴石鲈 Sicyases sanguineus Müller & Troschel, 1843 和条纹钝塘鳢 Scartichthys viridis Valenciennes, 1836。通过绘图和最小测量对形态进行了描述。通过对核糖体 DNA 的 ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 测序对寄生虫进行了条码标记。
会呼吸的贴石鲈 S. sanguineus 携带了 Gyrodactylus amphibius sp. nov.，这种寄生虫藏身于鱼的变形胸鳍形成的腹吸盘内。潮间带条纹钝塘鳢 S. viridis 携带了另外 3 种新种：Gyrodactylus scartichthi sp. nov.、Gyrodactylus viridae sp. nov. 和 Gyrodactylus zietarae sp. nov.。
这 4 个新种与之前在同一栖息地描述的 triplefin Helcogrammoides chilensis Cancino, 1960 上的 G. chileani Ziętara et al. 2012 具有亲缘关系。因此，这 5 种智利太平洋 Gyrodactylus 物种与在地理上相距甚远的欧洲记录的 3 个物种一起形成了一个在统计学上得到很好支持的（100%）单系群。智利太平洋寄生虫与之前在极端渗透压力环境中描述的 G. salinae 和 G. magadiensis 寄生虫没有关系。
