同种异体外泌体的 T 细胞抗原性和免疫原性。
T cell antigenicity and immunogenicity of allogeneic exosomes.
机构信息
Transplant Research Center, Department of Surgery, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Human Immunology, Pathophysiology and Immuntherapies, UMR976, INSERM, Paris, France.
出版信息
Am J Transplant. 2021 Jul;21(7):2583-2589. doi: 10.1111/ajt.16591. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, are regularly released by allogeneic cells after transplantation. Recipient antigen-presenting cells (APCs) capture these vesicles and subsequently display donor MHC molecules on their surface. Recent evidence suggests that activation of alloreactive T cells by the so-called cross-dressed APCs plays an important role in initiating the alloresponse associated with allograft rejection. On the other hand, whether allogeneic exosomes can bind to T cells on their own and activate them remains unclear. In this study, we showed that allogeneic exosomes can bind to T cells but do not stimulate them in vitro unless they are cultured with APCs. On the other hand, allogeneic exosomes activate T cells in vivo and sensitize mice to alloantigens but only when delivered in an inflammatory environment.
细胞外囊泡，包括外泌体，在移植后会被同种异体细胞定期释放。受体抗原呈递细胞（APC）捕获这些囊泡，并随后在其表面上显示供体 MHC 分子。最近的证据表明，所谓的“交叉呈递”APC 激活同种反应性 T 细胞在启动与移植物排斥相关的同种反应中起着重要作用。另一方面，同种异体外泌体是否可以自行结合 T 细胞并激活它们尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们表明，同种异体外泌体可以与 T 细胞结合，但除非与 APC 一起培养，否则不会刺激它们。另一方面，同种异体外泌体在体内激活 T 细胞并使小鼠对同种抗原敏感，但仅在递送至炎症环境中时才会发生这种情况。
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