Department of Medicine and Center for Infectious Diseases, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, and Center for Global Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal; Medizinische Klinik, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals, London, UK.
Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Dec;113 Suppl 1:S78-S81. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.060. Epub 2021 Mar 29.
After a century of controversies on its usefulness in protection against TB, underlying mechanisms of action, and benefits in various groups and geographical areas, the BCG vaccine is yet again a focus of global attention- this time due to the global COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Recent studies have shown that human CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells primed with a BCG-derived peptide developed high reactivity to its corresponding SARS-CoV-2-derived peptide. Furthermore, BCG vaccine has been shown to substantially increase interferon-gamma (IFN-g) production and its effects on CD4+ T-cells and these non-specific immune responses through adjuvant effect could be harnessed as cross protection against severe forms of COVID-19.The completion of ongoing BGG trials is important as they may shed light on the mechanisms underlying BCG-mediated immunity and could lead to improved efficacy, increased tolerance of treatment, and identification of other ways of combining BCG with other immunotherapies.
在经历了一个世纪的关于卡介苗（BCG）在预防结核病方面的有效性、作用机制以及在不同人群和地理区域的益处的争议之后，BCG 疫苗再次成为全球关注的焦点——这次是由于新型严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的全球 COVID-19 大流行。最近的研究表明，用 BCG 衍生肽刺激的人类 CD4+和 CD8+T 细胞对其相应的 SARS-CoV-2 衍生肽表现出高反应性。此外，BCG 疫苗已被证明可显著增加干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）的产生，并通过佐剂作用对 CD4+T 细胞产生影响，这些非特异性免疫反应可以作为针对 COVID-19 严重形式的交叉保护。正在进行的 BCG 试验的完成很重要，因为它们可能揭示 BCG 介导的免疫的机制，并可能导致提高疗效、增加治疗耐受性以及确定其他将 BCG 与其他免疫疗法结合的方法。
