Gerlza Tanja, Trojacher Christina, Kitic Nikola, Adage Tiziana, Kungl Andreas J
Karl-Franzens University Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graz, Austria.
Antagonis Biotherapeutics GmbH, Graz, Austria.
Semin Thromb Hemost. 2021 Apr;47(3):316-332. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1725067. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) occur in almost every tissue of the human body and consist of a protein core, with covalently attached glycosaminoglycan polysaccharide chains. These glycosaminoglycans are characterized by their polyanionic nature, due to sulfate and carboxyl groups, which are distributed along the chain. These chains can be modified by different enzymes at varying positions, which leads to huge diversity of possible structures with the complexity further increased by varying chain lengths. According to their location, HSPGs are divided into different families, the membrane bound, the secreted extracellular matrix, and the secretory vesicle family. As members of the extracellular matrix, they take part in cell-cell communication processes on many levels and with different degrees of involvement. Of particular therapeutic interest is their role in cancer and inflammation as well as in infectious diseases. In this review, we give an overview of the current status of medical approaches to antagonize HSPG function in pathology.
硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖（HSPGs）存在于人体几乎每个组织中，由一个蛋白核心和共价连接的糖胺聚糖多糖链组成。这些糖胺聚糖的特征在于其多阴离子性质，这归因于沿链分布的硫酸酯和羧基。这些链可以在不同位置被不同的酶修饰，这导致了可能结构的巨大多样性，链长的变化进一步增加了复杂性。根据其位置，HSPGs分为不同的家族，即膜结合家族、分泌型细胞外基质家族和分泌囊泡家族。作为细胞外基质的成员，它们在许多层面上以不同程度参与细胞间通讯过程。它们在癌症、炎症以及传染病中的作用尤其具有治疗意义。在这篇综述中，我们概述了在病理学中拮抗HSPG功能的医学方法的现状。
