Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Palacky University, Olomouc 77146, Czech Republic.
Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, Ciudad Universitaria El Cabrero David, Chiriquí 427, Panamá.
Zool Res. 2021 May 18;42(3):272-279. doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.319.
A new species of the genus , , from eastern Panama is described herein based on molecular, morphological, and bioacoustic evidence. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners occurring in the region by a combination of the following characters: (1) phalangeal reduction in thumb; (2) SVL (females only) (35.1-50.1; =13), HW/SVL (0.23-0.34; =59), EYND/HW (0.27-0.39; =60), TIBL/SVL (0.41-0.56; =58), and HAL/SVL (0.22-0.28; =49); (3) dorsal color pattern with green or yellow background and extensive dark olive blotches forming transversal bands or mottling; (4) advertisement call duration 176-235 ms with 19-34 pulses, average pulse rate 131.69 pulses/s, and dominant frequency 2 422.50-2 606.50 Hz. The new species is nested within the Central American clade of . The minimum Kimura-2-parameter (K2P) genetic divergence between and its most phylogenetically similar congeners ( . and . ) is >2.6% for 16S and >4.9% for (Table 1). The phylogenetic relationship is strongly supported by ultrafast bootstrap values for the maximum-likelihood trees of both genetic markers (16S, 96; , 100, Figure 1A). Bayesian analysis of the concatenated sequences resulted in a tree with similar topology and high posterior probability support (0.99; Supplementary Figure S1). In addition, haplotype networks inferred from and 16S (Supplementary Figure S2) showed a well-separated clade containing the new species (two for , four for 16S). The number of mutational steps between haplotypes for the new species samples is very low (1-4 in 16S; one in ), and the minimum number of mutational steps from the nearest species is nine for 16S (distance to . ) and 28 for (distance to . ).
本文基于分子、形态和生物声学证据，描述了来自巴拿马东部的一个新的属种。新种可通过以下特征组合与该地区的其他近缘种区分开来：（1）拇指指骨减少；（2）SVL（仅雌性）（35.1-50.1；=13），HW/SVL（0.23-0.34；=59），EYND/HW（0.27-0.39；=60），TIBL/SVL（0.41-0.56；=58）和 HAL/SVL（0.22-0.28；=49）；（3）背部颜色图案呈绿色或黄色背景，并有广泛的深橄榄褐色斑纹形成横向条纹或斑驳；（4）广告叫声持续时间 176-235 毫秒，有 19-34 个脉冲，平均脉冲率为 131.69 脉冲/秒，主频为 2422.50-2606.50Hz。新种嵌套在中美洲的属种中。与最亲缘关系近的近缘种（. 和. ）之间的最小 Kimura-2-参数（K2P）遗传分歧>2.6%用于 16S，>4.9%用于 （表 1）。这一亲缘关系得到了两种遗传标记最大似然树的超快自举值的强烈支持（16S，96； ，100，图 1A）。对串联序列进行贝叶斯分析得到了一棵具有相似拓扑结构和高后验概率支持（0.99；补充图 S1）的树。此外，从 16S 和 （补充图 S2）推断出的单倍型网络显示了一个包含新种的分离枝，包含两个新种的 16S 单倍型网络显示了一个包含新种的分离枝（4 个用于 16S）。新种样本之间的单倍型的突变步骤数非常低（16S 中为 1-4；一个为 ），与最近物种的最小突变步骤数为 16S 中的 9 个（距离. ）和 28 个（距离. ）。
