Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Healthcare System.
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2021 May 1;16(3):156-162. doi: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000679.
To highlight recently published, clinically focused research on chronic lung disease in adult persons with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) (PWH).
Chronic lung disease was the most common comorbidity in hospitalized PWH in New York and second-most common condition in ambulatory PWH in Canada. The elevated risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in PWH has been widely recognized, but PWH are also at higher risk for asthma and worse asthma outcomes. Expanded assessments of lung structure and function, such as single-breath diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO), exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and chest computed tomography (CT) have provided new insights into HIV effects on the lungs. New biomarker analyses are emerging, but further studies are needed to validate predictive biomarkers for chronic lung disease in PWH. Clinical trials addressing chronic lung disease in PWH are few in number.
Chronic lung disease is a common and high-impact comorbidity among PWH. Future studies should collect more comprehensive lung assessments such as DLCO, FeNO, and chest CT in order to better phenotype lung derangements in HIV. Clinical trials are desperately needed to reduce the rising burden of chronic lung disease in PWH.
强调最近发表的、以慢性肺部疾病为重点的、针对人类免疫缺陷病毒-1（HIV）感染者（PWH）的临床研究。
慢性肺部疾病是纽约住院 PWH 最常见的合并症，也是加拿大门诊 PWH 第二常见的疾病。HIV 感染者发生慢性阻塞性肺疾病的风险增加已得到广泛认可，但 PWH 发生哮喘的风险也更高，哮喘结局更差。一氧化碳单次呼吸弥散量（DLCO）、呼出气一氧化氮（FeNO）和胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）等肺结构和功能的扩展评估，为 HIV 对肺部的影响提供了新的见解。新的生物标志物分析正在出现，但需要进一步的研究来验证 PWH 慢性肺部疾病的预测性生物标志物。针对 PWH 慢性肺部疾病的临床试验数量很少。
慢性肺部疾病是 PWH 的常见且影响较大的合并症。未来的研究应更全面地评估肺部，如 DLCO、FeNO 和胸部 CT，以便更好地表现 HIV 引起的肺部紊乱。迫切需要开展临床试验，以降低 PWH 慢性肺部疾病的负担。
