Evaluation of antibody response of sheep to foot-and-mouth disease vaccine prepared by using different Montanide oil adjuvants.

Despite the widespread use of the conventional inactivated foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine, its immunogenicity is poor and the duration of its protection is short. In this study, humoral response to commercial ready-to-use Montanide ISA 201 VG and Montanide ISA 61 VG oil adjuvants and a common adjuvant Montanide ISA 206 VG developed by Seppic Inc., were evaluated for FMD antigens in sheep and double oil emulsion (w/o/w) formulations of Montanide ISA 201 and 206 and single oil emulsion (w/o) of Montanide ISA 61 have been prepared by using current FMDV antigens (O/TUR/07, A/ASIA/G-VII, A/TUR/16 and ASIA/ TUR/15). The animals (n=48) were vaccinated subcutaneously with formulations and five sheep were maintained as an unvaccinated control group. Blood samples were taken at day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 60, 90, 120 and 150. Virus neutralization and liquid phase blocking ELISA tests were used to compare antibody response to vaccines prepared by using different Montanide mineral oils. The results showed that vaccines prepared by using Montanide ISA 61 and 201 gave better antibody response to FMD antigens than Montanide ISA 206 formulation, although results were not statistically significant for certain days of sampling. Moreover, the overall type O antibody response of Montanide ISA 201 was found to be superior to Montanide ISA 61.