Cook Daniel, Lee Stephen T, Gardner Dale R, Molyneux Russell J, Johnson Robert L, Taylor Charlotte M
Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, Utah 84341, United States.
Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 200 West Kawili Street, Hilo, Hawaii 96720-4091, United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Apr 14;69(14):4037-4047. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00708. Epub 2021 Apr 2.
Poisonous plants cause large losses to the livestock industry through death, reduced production efficiency, reproductive dysfunction, and compromised harvesting of rangeland and pasture forages. Research investigating poisonous plants is complex because there are hundreds of genera of toxic plants representing thousands of species. To investigate the effects of poisonous plants on livestock, a clear understanding of the taxonomic identity of the plant and the ability to collect the plant in sufficient quantities for scientific studies is required. Subsequently, the active principles must be defined and investigated in the taxa of interest to better predict risk and make recommendations to reduce losses. Herbaria are collections of preserved plant specimens and are an important resource in poisonous plant research. Voucher specimens have often been used in the identification of the plant for the experimental reproduction of suspected livestock poisoning associated with a spontaneous case. More recently, herbarium specimens have been used to investigate the chemical composition of toxic plants as well as the distribution of different chemotypes over the landscape. The primary purpose of this review is to highlight the chemical analysis of herbarium specimens in poisonous plant research.
有毒植物通过导致牲畜死亡、降低生产效率、引发生殖功能障碍以及影响牧场和草场牧草的收获，给畜牧业造成巨大损失。对有毒植物的研究很复杂，因为有毒植物有数百个属，代表着数千个物种。为了研究有毒植物对牲畜的影响，需要清楚了解植物的分类身份，并能够采集到足够数量的植物用于科学研究。随后，必须在感兴趣的分类群中确定并研究其活性成分，以便更好地预测风险并提出减少损失的建议。植物标本馆收藏着保存的植物标本，是有毒植物研究的重要资源。凭证标本常被用于识别植物，以便对与自发病例相关的疑似牲畜中毒进行实验性重现。最近，植物标本馆的标本已被用于研究有毒植物的化学成分以及不同化学型在景观中的分布。本综述的主要目的是强调植物标本馆标本在有毒植物研究中的化学分析。
