Guo Zhiqiu, Zhu Ze, Liu Ya, Wu Changjun, Tu Hao, Wang Jianhua, Su Xuping
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
Jinko Solar Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314416, China.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Mar 11;14(6):1367. doi: 10.3390/ma14061367.
An SiO-TiO closed-surface antireflective coating was fabricated by the one-dipping method. TiO nanoparticles were mixed with a nanocomposited silica sol, which was composed of acid-catalyzed nanosilica networks and silica hollow nanospheres (HNs). The microstructure of the sol-gel was characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The silica HNs were approximately 40-50 nm in diameter with a shell thickness of approximately 8-10 nm. The branched-chain structure resulting from acidic hydrolysis grew on these silica HNs, and TiO was distributed inside this network. The surface morphology of the coating was measured by field emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. After optimization, transmittance of up to 94.03% was obtained on photovoltaic (PV) glass with a single side coated by this antireflective coating, whose refractive index was around 1.30. The short-circuit current gain of PV module was around 2.14-2.32%, as shown by the current-voltage (IV) curve measurements and external quantum efficiency (EQE) tests. This thin film also exhibited high photocatalytic activity. Due to the lack of voids on its surface, the antireflective coating in this study possessed excellent long-term reliability and robustness in both high-moisture and high-temperature environments. Combined with its self-cleaning function, this antireflective coating has great potential to be implemented in windows and photovoltaic modules.
采用一次浸渍法制备了SiO-TiO封闭表面抗反射涂层。将TiO纳米颗粒与一种纳米复合硅溶胶混合，该硅溶胶由酸催化的纳米二氧化硅网络和二氧化硅空心纳米球（HNs）组成。通过透射电子显微镜对溶胶-凝胶的微观结构进行了表征。二氧化硅HNs的直径约为40-50nm，壳层厚度约为8-10nm。由酸性水解产生的支链结构在这些二氧化硅HNs上生长，TiO分布在该网络内部。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜测量了涂层的表面形貌。经过优化，在单面涂覆这种抗反射涂层的光伏（PV）玻璃上获得了高达94.03%的透过率，其折射率约为1.30。电流-电压（IV）曲线测量和外量子效率（EQE）测试表明，PV组件的短路电流增益约为2.14-2.32%。这种薄膜还表现出高光催化活性。由于其表面没有空隙，本研究中的抗反射涂层在高湿度和高温环境下都具有优异的长期可靠性和耐久性。结合其自清洁功能，这种抗反射涂层在窗户和光伏组件中具有很大的应用潜力。
