Tzeng Jy-Jiunn, Yang Tzu-Sen, Lee Wei-Fang, Chen Hsuan, Chang Hung-Ming
Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City 110, Taiwan.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Mar 8;13(5):822. doi: 10.3390/polym13050822.
In this study, five urethane acrylates (UAs), namely aliphatic urethane hexa-acrylate (87A), aromatic urethane hexa-acrylate (88A), aliphatic UA (588), aliphatic urethane triacrylate diluted in 15% HDD (594), and high-functional aliphatic UA (5812), were selected to formulate five UA-based photopolymer resins for digital light processing (DLP)-based 3D printing. Each UA (40 wt%) was added and blended homogenously with ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (40 wt%), isobornyl acrylate (12 wt%), diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (3 wt%), and a pink acrylic (5 wt%). Each UA-based resin specimen was designed using CAD software and fabricated using a DLP 3D printer to specific dimensions. Characteristics, mechanical properties, and cytotoxicity levels of these designed UA-based resins were investigated and compared with a commercial 3D printing denture base acrylic resin (BB base) control group at different UV exposure times. Shore hardness-measurement data and MTT assays were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni's post hoc test, whereas viscosity, maximum strength, and modulus were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (α = 0.05). UA-based photopolymer resins with tunable mechanical properties were successfully prepared by replacing the UA materials and the UV exposure times. After 15 min of UV exposure, the 5812 and 594 groups exhibited higher viscosities, whereas the 88A and 87A groups exhibited lower viscosities compared with the BB base group. Maximum flexural strength, flexural modulus, and Shore hardness values also revealed significant differences among materials ( < 0.001). Based on MTT assay results, the UA-based photopolymer resins were nontoxic. In the present study, mechanical properties of the designed photopolymer resins could be adjusted by changing the UA or UV exposure time, suggesting that aliphatic urethane acrylate has good potential for use in the design of printable resins for DLP-type 3D printing in dental applications.
在本研究中，选择了五种聚氨酯丙烯酸酯（UAs），即脂肪族聚氨酯六丙烯酸酯（87A）、芳香族聚氨酯六丙烯酸酯（88A）、脂肪族UA（588）、在15%六溴环十二烷（HDD）中稀释的脂肪族聚氨酯三丙烯酸酯（594）和高官能度脂肪族UA（5812），来制备五种用于基于数字光处理（DLP）的3D打印的基于UA的光聚合物树脂。将每种UA（40重量%）添加并与乙氧基化季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯（40重量%）、丙烯酸异冰片酯（12重量%）、二苯基（2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基）氧化膦（3重量%）和一种粉色丙烯酸树脂（5重量%）均匀混合。使用CAD软件设计每种基于UA的树脂试样，并使用DLP 3D打印机将其制造至特定尺寸。研究了这些设计的基于UA的树脂的特性、机械性能和细胞毒性水平，并在不同紫外线照射时间下与商用3D打印义齿基托丙烯酸树脂（BB基托）对照组进行了比较。使用带有Bonferroni事后检验的单因素方差分析对肖氏硬度测量数据和MTT试验进行分析，而使用Kruskal-Wallis检验（α = 0.05）对粘度、最大强度和模量进行分析。通过更换UA材料和紫外线照射时间，成功制备了具有可调机械性能的基于UA的光聚合物树脂。在紫外线照射15分钟后，与BB基托组相比，5812和594组表现出更高的粘度，而88A和87A组表现出更低的粘度。最大弯曲强度、弯曲模量和肖氏硬度值在材料之间也显示出显著差异（<0.001）。基于MTT试验结果，基于UA的光聚合物树脂无毒。在本研究中，通过改变UA或紫外线照射时间可以调节设计的光聚合物树脂的机械性能，这表明脂肪族聚氨酯丙烯酸酯在牙科应用中用于设计DLP型3D打印的可打印树脂方面具有良好的潜力。
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