Dental Clinic-Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Justus Liebig University, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, Pediatric Heart Centre, Justus Liebig University, Giessen Feulgenstrasse 12, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 28;18(7):3497. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073497.
It is recognized that children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are predisposed to having poorer oral health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary preventive oral hygiene program (POHP) for children with CHD. The aim was the reduction of the incidence of dental caries, as well as improvement of oral hygiene. The total number of participants in this study was 107 children with CHD aged between two to six years. At baseline, these children were compared to a healthy control group (HCG) of 101 children of similar age from five preschools in Giessen, Germany. All examinations were carried out before the introduction of a standardized POHP. The Plaque- (QHI), Gingival- (GI) and Gingival Hyperplasia Index (GHI) were determined. Starting with baseline, the described procedures were repeated in the CHD group during two follow-ups after three and six months. In the first examination, compared to controls, CHD children showed a significantly ( < 0.05) poorer oral hygiene (QHI: 2.6; GI: 0.3; GHI: 0.2). All oral hygiene parameters (QHI, GI, GHI) of the CHD group improved significantly over the whole period of the preventive program ( < 0.05). These results demonstrated an improvement in CHD children involved in a standardized POHP. The data with regard to the general health of these risk patients, including prevention of endocarditis, demonstrate the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach between pediatric cardiologists, pediatricians and dentists.
人们认识到，先天性心脏病（CHD）患儿的口腔健康状况较差。因此，本研究旨在评估针对 CHD 儿童的跨学科预防性口腔卫生计划（POHP）的有效性。目的是降低龋齿发生率，并改善口腔卫生。本研究共有 107 名年龄在 2 至 6 岁之间的 CHD 患儿参与。在基线时，这些患儿与来自德国吉森的 5 所幼儿园的 101 名年龄相似的健康对照组（HCG）进行了比较。所有检查均在引入标准化 POHP 之前进行。测定菌斑指数（QHI）、牙龈指数（GI）和牙龈增生指数（GHI）。从基线开始，在 3 个月和 6 个月后的两次随访中，在 CHD 组中重复了描述的程序。在第一次检查中，与对照组相比，CHD 患儿的口腔卫生状况明显较差（<0.05）（QHI：2.6；GI：0.3；GHI：0.2）。CHD 组的所有口腔卫生参数（QHI、GI、GHI）在整个预防计划期间均显著改善（<0.05）。这些结果表明，参与标准化 POHP 的 CHD 患儿的口腔卫生状况得到了改善。这些高风险患者的一般健康状况的数据，包括预防心内膜炎，表明需要儿科心脏病专家、儿科医生和牙医之间开展跨学科合作。
