Social Sciences Department, European University of Valencia, Paseo de la Alameda, 7, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Social Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibañez 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 2;18(5):2426. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052426.
The coexistence of diverse cultures in our society indicates the need to examine the factors related to the success of multicultural interactions. The study aims were to examine the psychometric characteristics of the Spanish version of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire short form (MPQ-SF40), in a convenience sample of 392 university students. Then, the effect of sex and age was assessed, and finally, the levels and percentiles of multicultural personality were measured. The scale's validity was assessed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA). Reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability (CR), and average variance extracted (AVE). The final structure of the MPQ-SF40 consisted of 18 items grouped into five factors that present adequate psychometric properties. Sex-specific differences in MPQ-SF40 were statistically significant for factor 1, cultural empathy, and for factor 5, flexibility; women showed greater values. When age was analyzed, significant low correlations were obtained. The students showed medium to high levels of multicultural personality. The highest levels correspond to the personality factors of cultural empathy and open-mindedness. The use of the Spanish version of the MPQ-SF40 seems justified to determine students' multicultural personality traits, developing intervention programs to improve social support and the interpersonal relations between students.
多元文化社会的共存表明，需要研究与多元文化互动成功相关的因素。本研究旨在检验便利样本中 392 名大学生的短式多元文化人格问卷（MPQ-SF40）的心理测量学特征。然后，评估了性别和年龄的影响，最后，测量了多元文化人格的水平和百分位数。采用探索性和验证性因素分析（EFA 和 CFA）评估量表的效度。采用克朗巴赫 α 系数、综合可靠性（CR）和平均方差提取（AVE）评估信度。MPQ-SF40 的最终结构由 18 个项目组成，分为五个因子，具有良好的心理测量学特性。MPQ-SF40 的性别特定差异在因子 1（文化同理心）和因子 5（灵活性）上具有统计学意义，女性表现出更高的分值。当分析年龄时，得到了显著的低度相关。学生们表现出中等到高水平的多元文化人格。最高水平与文化同理心和开放思想的人格因素相对应。使用 MPQ-SF40 的西班牙语版本似乎可以确定学生的多元文化人格特征，制定干预计划以改善学生之间的社会支持和人际关系。
