Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Camino del Molino s/n, 28943 Madrid, Spain.
Insititute of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Worcester, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 2;18(5):2448. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052448.
The aim was to compare pacing, biomechanical and perceptual responses between elite speed-and endurance-adapted milers during a sprint interval training session (SIT). Twenty elite and world-class middle-distance runners (male: = 16, female: n = 4; 24.95 ± 5.18 years; 60.89 ± 7 kg) were classified as either speed- or endurance-adapted milers according to their recent performances at 800 m or longer races than 1500 m (10 subjects per group). Participants performed 10 repetitions of 100 m sprints with 2 min of active recovery between each, and performance, perceptual and biomechanical responses were collected. The difference between accumulated times of the last and the first five repetitions was higher in speed-adapted milers (ES = 1.07) displaying a more positive pacing strategy. A higher coefficient of variation (CV%) was displayed across the session by speed-adapted milers in average repetition time, contact time, and affective valence (ES ≥ 1.15). Speed-adapted milers experienced lower rates of valence after the 4th repetition excepting at the 8th repetition (ES ≥ 0.99). Speed-adapted milers may need to display a more positive pacing profile than endurance-adapted milers and, therefore, would experience lower levels of affective valence and a more rapid increase of ground contact time during a SIT.
目的是比较在冲刺间歇训练（SIT）中，精英速度和耐力适应型中长跑运动员的配速、生物力学和感知反应。20 名精英和世界级中长跑运动员（男性：n = 16，女性：n = 4；24.95 ± 5.18 岁；60.89 ± 7 kg）根据其在 800 m 或更长距离比赛中的近期表现，分为速度适应型或耐力适应型中长跑运动员（每组 10 名）。参与者进行了 10 次 100 m 冲刺，每次冲刺之间有 2 分钟的主动恢复，收集了表现、感知和生物力学反应。速度适应型中长跑运动员在最后五次重复和前五次重复之间的累积时间差异更大（ES = 1.07），表现出更积极的配速策略。速度适应型中长跑运动员在整个训练过程中的平均重复时间、接触时间和情感效价的变异系数（CV%）都更高（ES ≥ 1.15）。速度适应型中长跑运动员在第 4 次重复后经历了更低的效价率，除了在第 8 次重复（ES ≥ 0.99）之外。速度适应型中长跑运动员可能需要表现出更积极的配速模式，比耐力适应型中长跑运动员，因此在 SIT 中会经历更低的情感效价水平和更快的地面接触时间增加。
