Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 18;18(6):3120. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063120.
The involvement of pre-adolescents in soccer is becoming more and more frequent, and this growing participation generates some concerns about the potential factors for sports injuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate sports injuries in younger (U9-U11) and older (U12-U13) children playing soccer at an elite level, analyzing potential anthropometric and maturity risk factors. A total of 88 elite soccer players aged 9-13 years were investigated. Weight, stature, and sitting height were measured at the start and at the end of the competitive season, computing the relative growth velocities. Additional body composition parameters were taken during a second survey. Maturity offset was calculated using predictive equations based on anthropometric traits such as years from age at peak height velocity (YPHV). Injuries suffered during the competitive season were recorded. Maturity and some anthropometric characteristics were significantly different according to the presence or absence of injuries among the players. Multiple logistic regression revealed that YPHV, body mass index (BMI), and calf muscle area were the factors most significantly correlated with injuries. Players with increased BMI, with decreased calf muscle area, and who were closer to their peak height velocity, were at a higher risk of injury. Findings showed that a monitoring program of anthropometric characteristics taking into account the maturational stage needs to be developed to prevent injuries.
越来越多的未成年人参与到足球运动中，这一现象引起了人们对运动损伤潜在因素的关注。本研究旨在调查高水平青少年（U9-U11 和 U12-U13 年龄组）足球运动员的运动损伤情况，分析潜在的人体测量学和成熟度风险因素。共有 88 名 9-13 岁的精英足球运动员接受了调查。在赛季开始和结束时测量了体重、身高和坐高，并计算了相对生长速度。在第二次调查中还测量了其他身体成分参数。使用基于身高突增高峰年龄（YPHV）等人体测量特征的预测方程计算成熟度偏移。记录了运动员在整个赛季中遭受的伤害情况。根据运动员是否受伤，成熟度和一些人体测量特征存在显著差异。多因素逻辑回归显示，YPHV、体重指数（BMI）和小腿肌肉面积是与受伤最相关的因素。BMI 增加、小腿肌肉面积减少且接近身高突增高峰年龄的运动员受伤风险更高。研究结果表明，需要制定一个考虑成熟阶段的人体测量特征监测计划，以预防损伤。
