Okumura Kazuhiro, Saito Megumi, Isogai Eriko, Wakabayashi Yuichi
Cancer Genome Center, Division of Experimental Animal Research, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, 666-2 Nitonamachi Chuouku, Chiba 260-8717, Japan.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 1;13(5):1026. doi: 10.3390/cancers13051026.
MSM/Ms is a unique inbred mouse strain derived from the Japanese wild mouse, , which has been approximately 1 million years genetically distant from standard inbred mouse strains mainly derived from . Due to its genetic divergence, MSM/Ms has been broadly used in linkage studies. A bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library was constructed for the MSM/Ms genome, and sequence analysis of the MSM/Ms genome showed approximately 1% of nucleotides differed from those in the commonly used inbred mouse strain, C57BL/6J. Therefore, MSM/Ms mice are thought to be useful for functional genome studies. MSM/Ms mice show unique characteristics of phenotypes, including its smaller body size, resistance to high-fat-diet-induced diabetes, high locomotive activity, and resistance to age-onset hearing loss, inflammation, and tumorigenesis, which are distinct from those of common inbred mouse strains. Furthermore, ES (Embryonic Stem) cell lines established from MSM/Ms allow the MSM/Ms genome to be genetically manipulated. Therefore, genomic and phenotypic analyses of MSM/Ms reveal novel insights into gene functions that were previously not obtained from research on common laboratory strains. Tumorigenesis-related MSM/Ms-specific genetic traits have been intensively investigated in Japan. Furthermore, radiation-induced thymic lymphomas and chemically-induced skin tumors have been extensively examined using MSM/Ms.
MSM/Ms是一种源自日本野生小鼠的独特近交系小鼠，与主要源自其他地区的标准近交系小鼠在遗传上相距约100万年。由于其遗传差异，MSM/Ms已广泛应用于连锁研究。构建了MSM/Ms基因组的细菌人工染色体（BAC）文库，对MSM/Ms基因组的序列分析表明，约1%的核苷酸与常用近交系小鼠C57BL/6J的核苷酸不同。因此，MSM/Ms小鼠被认为对功能基因组研究有用。MSM/Ms小鼠表现出独特的表型特征，包括体型较小、对高脂饮食诱导的糖尿病有抗性、高运动活性以及对年龄相关性听力丧失、炎症和肿瘤发生有抗性，这些特征与常见近交系小鼠不同。此外，从MSM/Ms建立的胚胎干细胞系允许对MSM/Ms基因组进行基因操作。因此，对MSM/Ms的基因组和表型分析揭示了以前从普通实验室品系研究中未获得的基因功能的新见解。在日本，已经对与肿瘤发生相关的MSM/Ms特异性遗传特征进行了深入研究。此外，还使用MSM/Ms对辐射诱导的胸腺淋巴瘤和化学诱导的皮肤肿瘤进行了广泛研究。
