Plant Functional Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 24;22(7):3291. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073291.
Light is the primary regulator of various biological processes during the plant life cycle. Although plants utilize photosynthetically active radiation to generate chemical energy, they possess several photoreceptors that perceive light of specific wavelengths and then induce wavelength-specific responses. Light is also one of the key determinants of the initiation of leaf senescence, the last stage of leaf development. As the leaf photosynthetic activity decreases during the senescence phase, chloroplasts generate a variety of light-mediated retrograde signals to alter the expression of nuclear genes. On the other hand, phytochrome B (phyB)-mediated red-light signaling inhibits the initiation of leaf senescence by repressing the phytochrome interacting factor (PIF)-mediated transcriptional regulatory network involved in leaf senescence. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the field of leaf senescence to elucidate the role of light in the regulation of nuclear gene expression at the molecular level during the senescence phase. This review presents a summary of the current knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying light-mediated regulation of leaf senescence.
光是植物生命周期中各种生物过程的主要调节因子。虽然植物利用光合有效辐射来产生化学能量，但它们拥有几种光受体，可以感知特定波长的光，然后诱导波长特异性反应。光也是启动叶片衰老的关键决定因素之一，叶片衰老时叶片发育的最后一个阶段。随着衰老阶段叶片光合作用活性的降低，叶绿体产生各种光介导的逆行信号来改变核基因的表达。另一方面，phyB 介导的红光信号通过抑制与叶片衰老相关的 phytochrome interacting factor (PIF）介导的转录调控网络来抑制叶片衰老的起始。近年来，在叶片衰老领域取得了重大进展，阐明了在衰老阶段光在调节核基因表达方面的分子水平上的作用。本综述总结了目前关于光介导的叶片衰老调控的分子机制的知识。
