Faculty of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
Genes Genomics. 2019 Jul;41(7):737-746. doi: 10.1007/s13258-019-00804-y. Epub 2019 Mar 16.
Senescence in plants is an active and acquired developmental process that occurs at the last developmental stage during the life cycle of a plant. Leaf senescence is a relatively slow process, which is characterized by loss of photosynthetic activity and breakdown of macromolecules, to compensate for reduced energy production. Sugars, major photosynthetic assimilates, are key substrates required for cellular respiration to produce intermediate sources of energy and reducing power, which are known to be essential for the maintenance of cellular processes during senescence. In addition, sugars play roles as signaling molecules to facilitate a wide range of developmental processes as metabolic sensors. However, the roles of sugar during the entire period of senescence remain fragmentary. The purpose of the present review was to examine and explore changes in production, sources, and functions of sugars during leaf senescence. Further, the review explores the current state of knowledge on how sugars mediate the onset or progression of leaf senescence. Progress in the area would facilitate the determination of more sophisticated ways of manipulating the senescence process in plants and offer insights that guide efforts to maintain nutrients in leafy plants during postharvest storage.
植物衰老（Senescence）是一种发生在植物生命周期最后一个发育阶段的主动获得的发育过程。叶片衰老（Leaf senescence）是一个相对缓慢的过程，其特征是光合作用活性丧失和大分子分解，以补偿减少的能量产生。糖（Sugars）是细胞呼吸所需的关键底物，用于产生中间能源和还原力的来源，这些物质被认为是维持衰老过程中细胞过程所必需的。此外，糖作为代谢传感器，作为信号分子发挥作用，以促进广泛的发育过程。然而，在整个衰老过程中，糖的作用仍然是零散的。本综述的目的是检查和探讨叶片衰老过程中糖的产生、来源和功能的变化。此外，本综述探讨了糖如何介导叶片衰老开始或进展的当前知识状态。该领域的进展将有助于确定更复杂的方法来操纵植物的衰老过程，并提供指导在收获后储存期间维持叶菜类植物营养的见解。
