Istituto di Psicopatologia, 00196 Rome, Italy.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Mar 24;57(4):304. doi: 10.3390/medicina57040304.
This observational prospective study aims to examine the psychological and psychopathological impact of the pandemic stress on patients with pre-existing mood, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The study includes 386 consecutive patients recruited from 10 March to 30 June 2020 among those being treated at the Institute of Psychopathology in Rome (Italy) with an age ≥18 years and meeting DSM-5 criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) (35.2%), bipolar I (BD-I) (21.5%) or II (BD-II) (28.8%) disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) (7.5%), panic disorder (PD) (7.0%) or social anxiety (SA). A total of 34.2% had lifetime comorbid Axis I disorders and 15.3% had alcohol/drug abuse disorders. Using a semi-structured interview, we investigated if the impact of COVID-19 stress for patients has been similar, higher or lower than that of their family and friends and, for patients with relapse/symptoms worsening, if there was a relationship between the clinical condition worsening and the pandemic stress. Compared with that experienced by their family members and friends, the psychological impact of pandemic stress was similar in 52.1% of the sample, better in 37.1% and worse in 10.8%. In 21 patients (5.4%), the stress triggered a recurrence or worsened the symptoms. Patients with OCD had a higher rate of worsening due to pandemic stress compared to patients with MDD ( = 0.033), although, overall, the χ test was not significant among primary diagnoses (χ = 8.368; = 0.057). The psychological and psychopathological consequences of COVID-19 stress in our outpatients were very modest. The continuity of care offered during the lockdown could explain the results.
这项观察性前瞻性研究旨在检查大流行压力对患有先前存在的情绪、焦虑和强迫症的患者的心理和精神病理影响。该研究纳入了 2020 年 3 月 10 日至 6 月 30 日期间在罗马精神病理学研究所接受治疗的 386 例连续患者，年龄≥18 岁，符合 DSM-5 重性抑郁障碍 (MDD)（35.2%）、双相 I 型 (BD-I)（21.5%）或 II 型 (BD-II)（28.8%）、强迫症 (OCD)（7.5%）、惊恐障碍 (PD)（7.0%）或社交焦虑症 (SA)的诊断标准。共有 34.2%的患者有终生共病轴 I 障碍，15.3%的患者有酒精/药物滥用障碍。使用半结构式访谈，我们调查了 COVID-19 压力对患者的影响是否与他们的家人和朋友相似、更高或更低，对于复发/症状恶化的患者，是否存在临床状况恶化与大流行压力之间的关系。与家人和朋友相比，大流行压力对 52.1%的患者的心理影响相似，对 37.1%的患者更好，对 10.8%的患者更差。在 21 名患者（5.4%）中，压力引发了复发或加重了症状。与 MDD 患者相比，强迫症患者因大流行压力而恶化的比例更高（ = 0.033），尽管总体而言，主要诊断的 χ 检验无显著性差异（ χ = 8.368； = 0.057）。我们的门诊患者因 COVID-19 压力而产生的心理和精神病理后果非常轻微。封锁期间提供的连续护理可以解释这些结果。
