School of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5 Hawassa, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5 Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Nutrients. 2021 Mar 24;13(4):1052. doi: 10.3390/nu13041052.
Dietary calcium binds Fluoride (F), thus preventing excess F absorption. We aimed to assess the efficacy of supplementing calcium-containing Eggshell Powder (ESP) on F absorption using urine F excretion and on fluorosis symptoms. In total, 82 women (41 Intervention Group, IG; 41 Control Group, CG) were recruited; overall, 39 in each group completed the trial. Morning spot urine was collected before (baseline, BL) and after (endline, EL) the intervention that was 6-months daily supplementation with 2.4 g ESP (providing ~1000 mg of calcium). Dental, skeletal, and non-skeletal fluorosis assessments was carried out at BL and, except for dental, at EL. Relative risk (RR) and linear generalized estimating equation were used to compare outcomes between groups. At BL, urinary F excretion in the IG and CG groups was similar, ~10 mg/L. At EL, urinary F excretion in IG women was six-fold lower (β = -6.1 (95% CI: -7.1, -5.1)) compared to CG. The risk of developing skeletal and non-skeletal fluorosis were significantly ( < 0.001) reduced in the intervention group. A significant reduction in urinary F excretion and reduction in many fluorosis symptoms were observed among women supplemented with calcium-containing ESP, thus providing evidence for using this dietary calcium source for mitigation of fluorosis. Clinical trials registration: NCT03355222.
饮食中的钙会与氟（F）结合，从而防止过量的 F 被吸收。我们旨在评估补充含碳酸钙的蛋壳粉（ESP）对 F 吸收的影响，通过尿 F 排泄和氟中毒症状来评估。总共招募了 82 名女性（41 名干预组，IG；41 名对照组，CG）；总体而言，每组各有 39 名女性完成了试验。在干预前（基线，BL）和干预后（终点线，EL）采集清晨随机尿样，干预为每天补充 2.4 克 ESP（提供约 1000 毫克钙），共 6 个月。在 BL 和 EL 时进行牙齿、骨骼和非骨骼氟中毒评估，除了牙齿评估外。采用相对风险（RR）和线性广义估计方程来比较组间结果。BL 时，IG 和 CG 组的尿 F 排泄量相似，约为 10mg/L。EL 时，IG 组女性的尿 F 排泄量比 CG 组低六倍（β=-6.1（95%CI：-7.1，-5.1））。干预组骨骼和非骨骼氟中毒的风险显著降低（<0.001）。在补充含碳酸钙的 ESP 的女性中，观察到尿 F 排泄量显著降低，许多氟中毒症状得到缓解，这为使用这种膳食钙源减轻氟中毒提供了证据。临床试验注册号：NCT03355222。
