Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Auònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Mar 25;22(7):3365. doi: 10.3390/ijms22073365.
The semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), also known as vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) or primary amine oxidase (PrAO), is a deaminating enzyme highly expressed in vessels that generates harmful products as a result of its enzymatic activity. As a multifunctional enzyme, it is also involved in inflammation through its ability to bind and promote the transmigration of circulating leukocytes into inflamed tissues. Inflammation is present in different systemic and cerebral diseases, including stroke and Alzheimer's disease (AD). These pathologies show important affectations on cerebral vessels, together with increased SSAO levels. This review summarizes the main roles of SSAO/VAP-1 in human physiology and pathophysiology and discusses the mechanisms by which it can affect the onset and progression of both stroke and AD. As there is an evident interrelationship between stroke and AD, basically through the vascular system dysfunction, the possibility that SSAO/VAP-1 could be involved in the transition between these two pathologies is suggested. Hence, its inhibition is proposed to be an interesting therapeutical approach to the brain damage induced in these both cerebral pathologies.
脒基脒基水解酶（SSAO），也称为血管黏附蛋白-1（VAP-1）或单胺氧化酶（PrAO），是一种在血管中高度表达的脱氨酶，其酶活性会产生有害产物。作为一种多功能酶，它还通过结合并促进循环白细胞迁移到炎症组织中来参与炎症反应。炎症存在于包括中风和阿尔茨海默病（AD）在内的不同系统性和脑性疾病中。这些病理变化与脑内血管一起表现出重要的改变，同时 SSAO 水平升高。这篇综述总结了 SSAO/VAP-1 在人体生理学和病理生理学中的主要作用，并讨论了它如何影响中风和 AD 的发生和发展的机制。由于中风和 AD 之间存在明显的相互关系，基本上是通过血管系统功能障碍，提示 SSAO/VAP-1 可能参与这两种病理变化之间的转变。因此，抑制 SSAO/VAP-1 被认为是治疗这两种脑性疾病引起的脑损伤的一种有前途的治疗方法。
