Walter Sebastian G, Scheidt Sebastian, Nißler Robert, Gaisendrees Christopher, Zarghooni Kourosh, Schildberg Frank A
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany.
Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 23;13(6):1466. doi: 10.3390/cancers13061466.
Cells within the tumor stroma are essential for tumor progression. In particular, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) and CAF precursor cells (resident fibroblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells) are responsible for the formation of the extracellular matrix in tumor tissue. Consequently, CAFs directly and indirectly mediate inflammation, metastasis, immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and the development of tumor chemoresistance, which is orchestrated by complex intercellular cytokine-mediated crosstalk. CAFs represent a strategic target in antitumor therapy but their heterogeneity hinders effective treatment regimes. In-depth understanding of CAF subpopulations and knowledge of specific functions in tumor progression will ultimately result in more specific and effective cancer treatments. This review provides a detailed description of CAFs and CAF precursor cells and summarizes possible treatment strategies as well as molecular targets of these cells in antitumor therapies.
肿瘤基质中的细胞对肿瘤进展至关重要。特别是癌症相关成纤维细胞（CAF）和CAF前体细胞（驻留成纤维细胞和间充质基质细胞）负责肿瘤组织中细胞外基质的形成。因此，CAF直接和间接介导炎症、转移、免疫调节、血管生成以及肿瘤化疗耐药性的发展，这是由复杂的细胞间细胞因子介导的串扰所协调的。CAF是抗肿瘤治疗的一个战略靶点，但其异质性阻碍了有效的治疗方案。深入了解CAF亚群以及肿瘤进展中特定功能的知识最终将带来更具特异性和有效性的癌症治疗。本综述详细描述了CAF和CAF前体细胞，并总结了可能的治疗策略以及这些细胞在抗肿瘤治疗中的分子靶点。
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