School of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico.
Epidemiologic and Health Services Research Unit, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey 64360, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 31;18(7):3631. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073631.
Few studies have considered more than one behavior, despite the tendency towards multiple behaviors, and there are none that have focused on a Latino population. We determined the concurrence of four unhealthy behaviors related to glycemic control and identified common cognitive factors at advanced stages of readiness for change in patients with type 2 diabetes treated in primary care. A cross-sectional study was carried out during August-December 2018 in northeastern Mexico. We consecutively included patients between 20 and 70 years who were without medical contraindication, physical impediment against exercise, pregnancy and edentulism, among other selection criteria ( = 407). Stages of behavior were measured according to the Transtheoretical Model. Pros, cons, self-efficacy, susceptibility, and severity data were collected by interview. Statistical analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression. A total of 36.7% exhibited more than one unhealthy behavior in precontemplation or contemplation (no interest or some interest in changing consumption of refined sugars and saturated fats, exercise, or oral hygiene behavior). Cons ( < 0.05) and self-efficacy ( < 0.001) were common to all four unhealthy behaviors, independent of potential confounders. Studies like ours facilitate the recognition of individuals with multiple unhealthy behaviors who share equivalent profiles of readiness for change before implementing public health programs.
很少有研究考虑到一种以上的行为，尽管存在多种行为的趋势，但没有一项研究关注拉丁裔人群。我们确定了与血糖控制相关的四种不健康行为的同时发生，并在初级保健中治疗 2 型糖尿病患者的改变准备阶段的晚期确定了常见的认知因素。这是一项在 2018 年 8 月至 12 月期间在墨西哥东北部进行的横断面研究。我们连续纳入了年龄在 20 至 70 岁之间的患者，这些患者没有医学禁忌症、运动障碍、怀孕和无牙等选择标准（= 407）。行为阶段根据跨理论模型进行测量。通过访谈收集了赞成、反对、自我效能、易感性和严重程度数据。共有 36.7%的患者在未考虑或考虑阶段（对改变精制糖和饱和脂肪、运动或口腔卫生行为的消费没有兴趣或有些兴趣）存在一种以上的不健康行为。赞成（<0.05）和自我效能（<0.001）在所有四种不健康行为中都很常见，与潜在的混杂因素无关。像我们这样的研究有助于在实施公共卫生计划之前识别具有多种不健康行为的个体，这些个体具有相同的改变准备概况。
