Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland.
Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 19;18(6):3165. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063165.
Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass caused by many cellular mechanisms and also by lifestyle factors such as low daily physical activity. In addition, it has been shown that sarcopenia may be associated with inflammation and cognitive impairment in old age. Regular exercise is key in reducing inflammation and preventing sarcopenia and diseases related to cognitive impairment. The study was designed to assess the impact of exercise training on circulating apoptotic and inflammatory markers of sarcopenia in older adults. Eighty older adults aged 70.5 ± 5.8 years were randomized to the physically active group who participated in a 10-month Tai-Chi training session (TC, = 40) and the control group who participated in health education sessions (HE, = 40). Tai-Chi training caused a significant decrease in fat mass (FM) by 3.02 ± 3.99%, but an increase in appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) by 1.76 ± 3.17% and gait speed by 9.07 ± 11.45%. Tai-Chi training elevated the plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), and tumor necrosis receptor factor II (TNFRII), and decreased caspases 8 and 9. Despite the increase in TNFα, apoptosis was not initiated, i.e., the cell-free DNA level did not change in the TC group. The study demonstrated that Tai-Chi training significantly reduced the symptoms of sarcopenia through the changes in body composition and physical performance, and improvements in cytokine-related mechanisms of apoptosis.
肌肉减少症是一种与年龄相关的骨骼肌量损失，由许多细胞机制引起，也与低日常体力活动等生活方式因素有关。此外，已经表明肌肉减少症可能与老年时的炎症和认知障碍有关。定期运动是减少炎症和预防肌肉减少症以及与认知障碍相关疾病的关键。本研究旨在评估运动训练对老年人肌肉减少症循环凋亡和炎症标志物的影响。80 名年龄为 70.5 ± 5.8 岁的老年人被随机分为积极运动组（TC 组，n = 40）和对照组（HE 组，n = 40）。TC 组参加了为期 10 个月的太极拳训练课程，HE 组参加了健康教育课程。太极拳训练导致脂肪量（FM）显著减少 3.02 ± 3.99%，但四肢骨骼肌质量指数（ASMI）增加 1.76 ± 3.17%，步态速度增加 9.07 ± 11.45%。太极拳训练提高了血浆 C 反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNFα）和肿瘤坏死受体因子 II（TNFRII）的水平，并降低了半胱天冬酶 8 和 9 的水平。尽管 TNFα 增加，但未启动细胞凋亡，即 TC 组的细胞游离 DNA 水平没有变化。该研究表明，太极拳训练通过改变身体成分和身体表现，以及改善与细胞凋亡相关的细胞因子机制，显著减轻了肌肉减少症的症状。
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