Kuzmanović Ljiljana, Giovenali Gloria, Ruggeri Roberto, Rossini Francesco, Ceoloni Carla
Department of Agriculture and Forestry Science, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Mar 19;10(3):579. doi: 10.3390/plants10030579.
Today wheat cultivation is facing rapidly changing climate scenarios and yield instability, aggravated by the spreading of severe diseases such as Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Fusarium crown rot (FCR). To obtain productive genotypes resilient to stress pressure, smart breeding approaches must be envisaged, including the exploitation of wild relatives. Here we report on the assessment of the breeding potential of six durum wheat- spp. recombinant lines (RLs) obtained through chromosome engineering. They are characterized by having 23% or 28% of their 7AL chromosome arm replaced by a "nested" alien segment, composed of homoeologous group 7 chromosome fractions from and (=7elL + 7EL) or from different accessions (=7elL + 7elL). In addition to the 7elL genes (leaf rust resistance, and yellow pigment content, respectively), these recombinant lines (RLs) possess a highly effective QTL for resistance to FHB and FCR within their 7elL or 7EL portion. The RLs, their null segregants and well-adapted and productive durum wheat cultivars were evaluated for 16 yield-related traits over two seasons under rainfed and irrigated conditions. The absence of yield penalties and excellent genetic stability of RLs was revealed in the presence of all the alien segment combinations. Both 7elL and 7EL stacked introgressions had positive impacts on source and sink yield traits, as well as on the overall performance of RLs in conditions of reduced water availability. The four "nested" RLs tested in 2020 were among the top five yielders, overall representing good candidates to be employed in breeding programs to enhance crop security and safety.
如今，小麦种植正面临着迅速变化的气候情景和产量不稳定的问题，诸如镰刀菌穗腐病（FHB）和镰刀菌冠腐病（FCR）等严重病害的蔓延更是加剧了这一情况。为了获得能抵御胁迫压力的高产基因型，必须设想采用智能育种方法，包括利用野生近缘种。在此，我们报告了对6个硬粒小麦-物种重组系（RLs）育种潜力的评估。这些重组系的特征是其7AL染色体臂的23%或28%被一个“嵌套”的外源片段所取代，该片段由来自和的同源群7染色体片段（=7elL + 7EL）或来自不同种质的片段（=7elL + 7elL）组成。除了7elL基因（分别为抗叶锈病和黄色素含量）外，这些重组系在其7elL或7EL部分还拥有一个对FHB和FCR具有高效抗性的QTL。在雨养和灌溉条件下的两个季节里，对这些重组系、它们的缺失分离株以及适应性良好且高产的硬粒小麦品种进行了16个与产量相关性状的评估。在所有外源片段组合存在的情况下，均显示出重组系不存在产量损失且具有出色的遗传稳定性。7elL和7EL的叠加渗入对源库产量性状以及重组系在水分供应减少条件下的整体表现均有积极影响。2020年测试的4个“嵌套”重组系位列产量最高的前5名之中，总体而言是用于育种计划以增强作物安全性的良好候选材料。
