Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive MS 2330, Moscow, ID 83844-2330, USA.
Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Mar 19;13(3):224. doi: 10.3390/toxins13030224.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potential human carcinogen that poses a significant concern in food safety and public health. OTA has been found in a wide variety of agricultural commodities, including cereal grains. This study investigated the reduction of OTA during the preparation of rice- and oat-based porridge by a simulated indirect steam process. The effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) and fructose on the reduction of OTA were also investigated. During the processing, OTA in rice- and oat-porridge was decreased by 59% and 14%, respectively, from initial OTA artificially added at 20 μg/kg (dry weight basis). When 0.5% and 1% of sodium bicarbonate were added to rice porridge, increased reduction of OTA was observed as 78% and 68%, respectively. The same amounts of added sodium bicarbonate also further reduced OTA in oat porridge to 58% and 72%, respectively. In addition, increased reduction of OTA in the presence of fructose was observed. A combination of the two, i.e., 0.5% sodium bicarbonate and 0.5% fructose, resulted in a 79% and 67% reduction in rice porridge and oat porridge, respectively. These results indicate that indirect steaming may effectively reduce OTA in preparation of porridge-type products, particularly when sodium bicarbonate and/or fructose are added.
赭曲霉毒素 A（OTA）是一种潜在的人类致癌物，对食品安全和公共健康构成重大威胁。OTA 存在于各种农产品中，包括谷物。本研究通过模拟间接蒸汽工艺，研究了在制备大米和燕麦粥过程中 OTA 的减少情况。还研究了碳酸氢钠（NaHCO）和果糖对 OTA 减少的影响。在加工过程中，分别从初始添加的 20μg/kg（干重基础）OTA 中减少了大米和燕麦粥中的 OTA 59%和 14%。当向大米粥中添加 0.5%和 1%的碳酸氢钠时，分别观察到 OTA 的减少率增加到 78%和 68%。同样量的添加碳酸氢钠也分别将燕麦粥中的 OTA 进一步减少到 58%和 72%。此外，在添加果糖的情况下，OTA 的减少率也增加了。两者的组合，即 0.5%碳酸氢钠和 0.5%果糖，分别使大米粥和燕麦粥的 OTA 减少了 79%和 67%。这些结果表明，间接蒸汽蒸煮在制备粥状产品时可以有效减少 OTA，特别是当添加碳酸氢钠和/或果糖时。
