Wiśniewski Damian, Śliwicka Ewa, Malik Jakub, Durkalec-Michalski Krzysztof
Department of Sports Dietetics, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Mar 19;18(6):3205. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063205.
This study aimed to assess fluid loss (FL) and customary fluid intake (FI) during a training session, and the relationship between FL and total body water (TBW) content in a selected group of young swimmers. The study involved 17 (seven females, 10 males) individuals whose anthropometric and body composition analyses and FI during training units were carried out. The total average FI and total actual FL oscillated around 531 mL and -513 mL for the whole study group (469 mL and -284 mL for females, 574 mL and -674 mL for males). The dependent and independent sample -tests, the Cohen's d effect size and Pearson's correlation coefficient were analysed. Significant differences were observed between pre-workout and post-workout body weights after training without FI in the whole group (66.5 kg vs. 66.0 kg, < 0.001, d = 0.06), in females (61.2 kg vs. 60.9 kg, = 0.015, d = 0.04) and males (70.3 kg vs. 69.6 kg, < 0.001, d = 0.9). For the TBW content and fat-free mass (FFM) before and after training, significant differences were observed only in males (TBW: 43.8 L vs. 43.2 L, = 0.002, d = 0.14; and 62.4% vs. 61.7%, < 0.001, d = 0.36; FFM: 59.8 kg vs. 59.1 kg, = 0.002, d = 0.12). Moreover, the relationship between the actual FL and TBW before training was observed in the whole (mL vs. %: r = -0.64, = 0.006; mL vs. L: r = -0.84, < 0.001) and the male group (mL vs. L: r = -0.73, = 0.017). These results indicated FL in young swimmers during training and the relationship between FL and pre-training TBW content, which suggests that it is important to also pay special attention to effective hydration procedures before and during training in aquatic environments.
本研究旨在评估一组特定年轻游泳运动员在一次训练课期间的液体流失（FL）和习惯液体摄入量（FI），以及FL与全身水（TBW）含量之间的关系。该研究涉及17名个体（7名女性，10名男性），对其进行了人体测量、身体成分分析以及训练单元期间的FI测定。整个研究组的总平均FI和总实际FL分别约为531 mL和 -513 mL（女性为469 mL和 -284 mL，男性为574 mL和 -674 mL）。分析了独立样本和相关样本检验、科恩d效应量以及皮尔逊相关系数。在整个组（66.5 kg对66.0 kg，<0.001，d = 0.06）、女性组（61.2 kg对60.9 kg，= 0.015，d = 0.04）和男性组（70.3 kg对69.6 kg，<0.001，d = 0.9）中，训练且无FI补充时，训练前和训练后的体重存在显著差异。对于训练前后的TBW含量和去脂体重（FFM），仅在男性中观察到显著差异（TBW：43.8 L对43.2 L，= 0.002，d = 0.14；以及62.4%对61.7%，<0.001，d = 0.36；FFM：59.8 kg对59.1 kg，= 0.002，d = 0.12）。此外，在整个组（mL对%：r = -0.64，= 0.006；mL对L：r = -0.84，<0.001）和男性组（mL对L：r = -0.73，= 0.017）中观察到训练前实际FL与TBW之间的关系。这些结果表明了年轻游泳运动员在训练期间的FL情况以及FL与训练前TBW含量之间的关系，这表明在水上环境训练前和训练期间，特别关注有效的水合程序也很重要。
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