Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Mar 19;21(6):2165. doi: 10.3390/s21062165.
Syngas fermentation is a promising technique to produce biofuels using syngas obtained through gasified biomass and other carbonaceous materials or collected from industrial CO-rich off-gases. The primary components of syngas, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H), are converted to alcohols and other chemicals through an anaerobic fermentation process by acetogenic bacteria. Dissolved CO and H concentrations in fermentation media are among the most important parameters for successful and stable operation. However, the difficulties in timely and precise dissolved CO and H measurements hinder the industrial-scale commercialization of this technique. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of available dissolved CO and H measurement methods, focusing on their detection mechanisms, CO and H cross interference and operations in syngas fermentation process. This paper further discusses potential novel methods by providing a critical review of gas phase CO and H detection methods with regard to their capability to be modified for measuring dissolved CO and H in syngas fermentation conditions.
合成气发酵是一种很有前途的技术，它可以利用气化生物质和其他含碳材料产生的合成气或从工业富 CO 废气中收集的合成气来生产生物燃料。合成气的主要成分一氧化碳（CO）和氢气（H）通过产乙酸菌的厌氧发酵过程转化为醇和其他化学品。发酵介质中溶解的 CO 和 H 的浓度是成功和稳定运行的最重要参数之一。然而，及时、准确测量溶解 CO 和 H 的困难阻碍了该技术的工业化商业化。本文的目的是全面综述现有的溶解 CO 和 H 测量方法，重点介绍它们的检测机制、CO 和 H 的交叉干扰以及在合成气发酵过程中的操作。本文还通过对气相 CO 和 H 检测方法进行了批判性的评价，探讨了潜在的新型方法，以评估其在合成气发酵条件下测量溶解 CO 和 H 的能力。
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