De Tissera Sashini, Köpke Michael, Simpson Sean D, Humphreys Christopher, Minton Nigel P, Dürre Peter
LanzaTech, 8045 Lamon Avenue, Suite 400, Skokie, IL, 60077, USA.
BBSRC/EPSRC Synthetic Biology Research Centre (SBRC), School of Life Sciences, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2019;166:247-280. doi: 10.1007/10_2017_5.
Autotrophic acetogenic bacteria are able to capture carbon (CO or CO) through gas fermentation, allowing them to grow on a spectrum of waste gases from industry (e.g., steel manufacture and oil refining, coal, and natural gas) and to produce ethanol. They can also consume syn(thesis) gas (CO and H) made from the gasification of renewable/sustainable resources, such as biomass and domestic/agricultural waste. Acetogenic gas fermentation can, therefore, produce ethanol in any geographic region without competing for food or land. The commercialization of the process is now at an advanced stage. The real potential of acetogens, however, resides in their capacity to produce chemicals and fuels other than ethanol. This requires the redesign and implementation of more efficient metabolic pathways, adapting them to high performing manufacturing processes. Respective species, their bioenergetics, the genetic tools developed for their metabolic engineering, culture techniques and fermenter set-ups, as well as the commercialization, are comprehensively described and discussed in this chapter.
自养产乙酸细菌能够通过气体发酵捕获碳（一氧化碳或二氧化碳），使其能够利用一系列工业废气（如钢铁制造、炼油、煤炭和天然气产生的废气）生长并生产乙醇。它们还可以消耗由可再生/可持续资源（如生物质以及家庭/农业废弃物）气化产生的合成气（一氧化碳和氢气）。因此，产乙酸气体发酵能够在任何地理区域生产乙醇，而无需与粮食或土地利用形成竞争。目前该工艺的商业化已处于 advanced stage。然而，产乙酸细菌的真正潜力在于其生产除乙醇之外的化学品和燃料的能力。这需要重新设计并实施更高效的代谢途径，使其适应高性能制造工艺。本章将全面描述和讨论相关的各个物种、它们的生物能量学、为其代谢工程开发的遗传工具、培养技术和发酵罐设置，以及商业化情况。
