Vega-Martín Elena, Gil-Ortega Marta, González-Blázquez Raquel, Benedito Sara, Fernández-Felipe Jesús, Ruiz-Gayo Mariano, Del Olmo Nuria, Chowen Julie A, Frago Laura M, Somoza Beatriz, Fernández-Alfonso María S
Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 Mar 19;13(3):1003. doi: 10.3390/nu13031003.
Vegetable oils such as palm oil (enriched in saturated fatty acids, SFA) and high-oleic-acid sunflower oil (HOSO, containing mainly monounsaturated fatty acids, MUFA) have emerged as the most common replacements for trans-fats in the food industry. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of SFA and MUFA-enriched high-fat (HF) diets on endothelial function, vascular remodeling, and arterial stiffness compared to commercial HF diets. Five-week-old male C57BL6J mice were fed a standard (SD), a HF diet enriched with SFA (saturated oil-enriched Food, SOLF), a HF diet enriched with MUFA (unsaturated oil-enriched Food, UOLF), or a commercial HF diet for 8 weeks. Vascular function was analyzed in the thoracic aorta. Structural and mechanical parameters were assessed in mesenteric arteries by pressure myography. SOLF, UOLF, and HF diet reduced contractile responses to phenylephrine and induced endothelial dysfunction in the thoracic aorta. A significant increase in the β-index, and thus in arterial stiffness, was also detected in mesenteric arteries from the three HF groups, due to enhanced deposition of collagen in the vascular wall. SOLF also induced hypotrophic inward remodeling. In conclusion, these data demonstrate a deleterious effect of HF feeding on obesity-related vascular alterations that is exacerbated by SFA.
植物油，如富含饱和脂肪酸（SFA）的棕榈油和高油酸向日葵油（HOSO，主要含单不饱和脂肪酸，MUFA），已成为食品工业中反式脂肪最常见的替代品。本研究的目的是分析与市售高脂（HF）饮食相比，富含SFA和MUFA的高脂（HF）饮食对内皮功能、血管重塑和动脉僵硬度的影响。将5周龄雄性C57BL6J小鼠分别喂食标准饮食（SD）、富含SFA的HF饮食（富含饱和油的食物，SOLF）、富含MUFA的HF饮食（富含不饱和油的食物，UOLF）或市售HF饮食，持续8周。在胸主动脉中分析血管功能。通过压力肌动描记法评估肠系膜动脉的结构和力学参数。SOLF、UOLF和HF饮食降低了胸主动脉对去氧肾上腺素的收缩反应，并诱导了内皮功能障碍。在三个HF组的肠系膜动脉中也检测到β指数显著增加，从而导致动脉僵硬度增加，这是由于血管壁中胶原蛋白沉积增加所致。SOLF还诱导了低张性内向重塑。总之，这些数据表明HF喂养对肥胖相关血管改变具有有害作用，而SFA会加剧这种作用。
