Idowu Peter A, Idowu Adeola P, Zishiri Oliver T, Mpofu Takalani J, Veldhuizen Edwin J A, Nephawe Khathutshelo A, Mtileni Bohani
Department of Animal Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Department of Animal Science, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 12;11(3):787. doi: 10.3390/ani11030787.
In recent years, diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria have profoundly impacted chicken production by causing economic loss in chicken products and by-product revenues. MBL (mannose-binding lectin) is part of the innate immune system (IIS), which is the host's first line defense against pathogens. The IIS functions centrally by identifying pathogen-specific microorganism-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) with the help of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Studies have classified mannose-binding lectin (MBL) as one of the PRR molecules which belong to the C-type lectin family. The protective role of MBL lies in its ability to activate the complement system via the lectin pathway and there seems to be a direct link between the chicken's health status and the MBL concentration in the serum. Several methods have been used to detect the presence, the level and the structure of MBL in chickens such as Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) among others. The concentration of MBL in the chicken ranges from 0.4 to 35 µg/mL and can be at peak levels at three to nine days at entry of pathogens. The variations observed are known to depend on the bacterial strains, breed and age of the chicken and possibly the feed manipulation strategies. However, when chicken MBL (cMBL) becomes deficient, it can result in malfunctioning of the innate immune system, which can predispose chickens to diseases. This article aimed to discuss the importance and components of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in chickens, its mode of actions, and the different methods used to detect MBL. Therefore, more studies are recommended to explore the causes for low and high cMBL production in chicken breeds and the possible effect of feed manipulation strategies in enhancing cMBL production.
近年来，病原菌引起的疾病通过造成鸡肉产品和副产品收入的经济损失，对养鸡业产生了深远影响。甘露糖结合凝集素（MBL）是天然免疫系统（IIS）的一部分，而天然免疫系统是宿主抵御病原体的第一道防线。天然免疫系统的核心功能是借助模式识别受体（PRR）识别病原体特异性微生物相关分子模式（MAMP）。研究已将甘露糖结合凝集素（MBL）归类为属于C型凝集素家族的PRR分子之一。MBL的保护作用在于其能够通过凝集素途径激活补体系统，并且鸡的健康状况与血清中MBL浓度之间似乎存在直接联系。已经使用了几种方法来检测鸡体内MBL的存在、水平和结构，例如酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）、聚合酶链反应（PCR）等。鸡体内MBL的浓度范围为0.4至35μg/mL，在病原体侵入后的三至九天可达到峰值水平。已知观察到的差异取决于细菌菌株、鸡的品种和年龄，可能还取决于饲料处理策略。然而，当鸡的MBL（cMBL）出现缺陷时，可能会导致天然免疫系统功能失调，使鸡更容易患病。本文旨在讨论甘露糖结合凝集素（MBL）在鸡体内的重要性和组成部分、其作用方式以及用于检测MBL的不同方法。因此，建议开展更多研究，以探究鸡品种中cMBL产生量低和高的原因，以及饲料处理策略对提高cMBL产量的可能影响。
