Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
OptoVibronex, LLC., Allentown, PA 18104, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Mar 12;21(6):2001. doi: 10.3390/s21062001.
Energy storage and dissipation by composite materials are important design parameters for sensors and other devices. While polymeric materials can reversibly store energy by decreased chain randomness (entropic loss) they fail to be able to dissipate energy effectively and ultimately fail due to fatigue and molecular chain breakage. In contrast, composite tissues, such as muscle and tendon complexes, store and dissipate energy through entropic changes in collagen (energy storage) and viscous losses (energy dissipation) by muscle fibers or through fluid flow of the interfibrillar matrix. In this paper we review the molecular basis for energy storage and dissipation by natural composite materials in an effort to aid in the development of improved substrates for sensors, implants and other commercial devices. In addition, we introduce vibrational optical coherence tomography, a new technique that can be used to follow energy storage and dissipation by composite materials without physically touching them.
能量存储和耗散是传感器和其他器件设计的重要参数。聚合物材料可以通过链无序性降低（熵损失）来可逆地存储能量，但它们无法有效地耗散能量，最终由于疲劳和分子链断裂而失效。相比之下，复合组织，如肌肉和肌腱复合体，通过胶原的熵变（储能）和肌肉纤维的粘性损耗（能量耗散）或通过纤维间基质的流体流动来存储和耗散能量。在本文中，我们综述了天然复合材料的能量存储和耗散的分子基础，以期为传感器、植入物和其他商业设备的改进基底的开发提供帮助。此外，我们还介绍了振动光学相干断层扫描技术，这是一种无需物理接触即可用于跟踪复合材料的能量存储和耗散的新技术。
