MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
Viruses. 2021 Mar 12;13(3):469. doi: 10.3390/v13030469.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can cause intestinal infection in neonatal piglets through the nasal cavity. A process in which CD3 T cells carry PEDV plays a key role. However, the modes through which PEDV bridles CD3 T cells as a vehicle for migration to the intestinal epithelium have not been clarified. In this study, we first demonstrated that PEDV could survive in blood-derived CD3 T cells for several hours, depending on the multiplicity of infection. In addition, PEDV preferentially survived in CD4 T cells over CD8 T cells. Moreover, viral transmission was mediated by cell-to-cell contact between mesenteric lymph-node-derived CD3 T cells, but did not occur in blood-derived CD3 T cells. Following an increase in gut-homing integrin α4β7, blood-derived CD3 T cells carrying PEDV migrated to the intestines via blood circulation and transferred the virus to intestinal epithelial cells through cell-to-cell contact in neonatal piglets. Our findings have significant implications for understanding PEDV pathogenesis in neonatal piglets, which is essential for developing innovative therapies to prevent PEDV infection.
猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）可通过鼻腔感染新生仔猪的肠道。CD3 T 细胞携带 PEDV 的过程发挥了关键作用。然而，PEDV 作为迁移到肠上皮的载体来束缚 CD3 T 细胞的方式尚未阐明。在这项研究中，我们首先证明 PEDV 可以在血液来源的 CD3 T 细胞中存活数小时，这取决于感染复数。此外，PEDV 更偏爱在 CD4 T 细胞中存活，而不是在 CD8 T 细胞中存活。此外，病毒传播是通过肠系膜淋巴结来源的 CD3 T 细胞之间的细胞间接触介导的，但在血液来源的 CD3 T 细胞中不会发生。肠归巢整合素 α4β7 增加后，携带 PEDV 的血液来源的 CD3 T 细胞通过血液循环迁移到肠道，并通过新生仔猪中的细胞间接触将病毒转移到肠上皮细胞。我们的发现对于理解新生仔猪中 PEDV 的发病机制具有重要意义，这对于开发预防 PEDV 感染的创新疗法至关重要。
