MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.
Vet Res. 2021 Feb 17;52(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s13567-020-00883-w.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) primarily infects neonatal piglets causing catastrophic effects on the global pig farming industry. PEDV infects piglets through the nasal cavity, a process in which dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role. However, neonatal piglets have fewer nasal DCs. This study found that subepithelial CD3 T cells mediated PEDV invasion through the nasal cavity in neonatal piglets. PEDV could replicate in the nasal epithelial cells (NECs) isolated from the nasal cavity of neonatal piglets. Infection of NECs with PEDV could induce antiviral and inflammatory cytokines at the late stage. The infected NECs mediated transfer of virus to CD3 T cells distributed in the subepithelial of the nasal cavity via cell-to-cell contact. The infected CD3 T cells could migrate to the intestine via blood circulation, causing intestinal infection in neonatal piglets. Thus, the findings of this study indicate the importance of CD3T cells in the dissemination of PEDV from the nasal cavity to the intestinal mucosa in neonatal piglets.
猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）主要感染新生仔猪，对全球养猪业造成灾难性影响。PEDV 通过鼻腔感染仔猪，树突状细胞（DCs）在此过程中发挥重要作用。然而，新生仔猪的鼻腔 DC 较少。本研究发现，鼻黏膜下 CD3 T 细胞介导 PEDV 通过鼻腔侵入新生仔猪。PEDV 可在从新生仔猪鼻腔分离的鼻腔上皮细胞（NEC）中复制。PEDV 感染 NEC 可在晚期诱导抗病毒和炎症细胞因子。受感染的 NEC 通过细胞间接触将病毒转移至分布在鼻腔黏膜下的 CD3 T 细胞。受感染的 CD3 T 细胞可通过血液循环迁移至肠道，导致新生仔猪肠道感染。因此，本研究结果表明 CD3 T 细胞在 PEDV 从鼻腔向新生仔猪肠道黏膜传播中的重要性。
