Hancock John T, Rouse Ros C, Stone Emma, Greenhough Alexander
Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
Research, Business and Innovation, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 12;11(3):797. doi: 10.3390/ani11030797.
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a world-wide problem for the human population. It is known that some animal species, such as mink, can become infected and transmit the virus. However, the susceptibility of most animals is not known. Here, we review the use of sequence analysis of the proteins which are known to interact with SARS-CoV-2 as a way to estimate an animal's susceptibility. Although most such work concentrates on the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2), here TMPRSS2 (Transmembrane Serine Protease 2), neuropilin-1 and furin are also considered. Polymorphisms, especially ones which are known to alter viral/host interactions are also discussed. Analysis of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 protein sequences across species suggests this approach may be of some utility in predicting susceptibility; however, this analysis fails to highlight some susceptible animals such as mink. However, combined with observational data which emerges over time about which animals actually become infected, this may, in the future, be a useful tool to assist the management of risks associated with human/animal contact and support conservation and animal welfare measures.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是全球人类面临的一个问题。已知一些动物物种，如水貂，能够感染并传播该病毒。然而，大多数动物的易感性尚不清楚。在此，我们综述了通过对已知与SARS-CoV-2相互作用的蛋白质进行序列分析，以此来评估动物易感性的方法。尽管大多数此类研究集中在血管紧张素转换酶2受体（ACE2）上，但本文也探讨了跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2（TMPRSS2）、神经纤毛蛋白-1和弗林蛋白酶。文中还讨论了多态性，尤其是那些已知会改变病毒/宿主相互作用的多态性。对跨物种的ACE2和TMPRSS2蛋白序列分析表明，这种方法在预测易感性方面可能具有一定作用；然而，该分析未能凸显一些易感动物，如水貂。不过，结合随着时间推移出现的关于哪些动物实际被感染的观察数据，这在未来可能会成为一个有用的工具，有助于管理与人类/动物接触相关的风险，并支持保护和动物福利措施。
