Chen Jin-Fu, Li Ying, Dong Hui
Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China.
Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics, No. 10 Xibeiwang East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
Entropy (Basel). 2021 Mar 16;23(3):353. doi: 10.3390/e23030353.
Finite-time isothermal processes are ubiquitous in quantum-heat-engine cycles, yet complicated due to the coexistence of the changing Hamiltonian and the interaction with the thermal bath. Such complexity prevents classical thermodynamic measurements of a performed work. In this paper, the isothermal process is decomposed into piecewise adiabatic and isochoric processes to measure the performed work as the internal energy change in adiabatic processes. The piecewise control scheme allows the direct simulation of the whole process on a universal quantum computer, which provides a new experimental platform to study quantum thermodynamics. We implement the simulation on ibmqx2 to show the 1/τ scaling of the extra work in finite-time isothermal processes.
有限时间等温过程在量子热机循环中普遍存在，但由于变化的哈密顿量与热库相互作用的共存而变得复杂。这种复杂性阻碍了对所做功的经典热力学测量。在本文中，等温过程被分解为分段绝热和等容过程，以将所做功测量为绝热过程中的内能变化。分段控制方案允许在通用量子计算机上直接模拟整个过程，这为研究量子热力学提供了一个新的实验平台。我们在ibmqx2上实现了模拟，以展示有限时间等温过程中额外功的1/τ标度。
