Kalantari Katayoon, Saleh Bahram, Webster Thomas J
Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
R&D Department, Rosies Base, Inc., Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Mar 16;11(3):748. doi: 10.3390/nano11030748.
Metallic materials are widely used for fabricating medical implants due to their high specific strength, biocompatibility, good corrosion properties, and fatigue resistance. Recently, titanium (Ti) and its alloys, as well as stainless steel (SS), have attracted attention from researchers because of their biocompatibility properties within the human body; however, improvements in mechanical properties while keeping other beneficial properties unchanged are still required. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is a unique process for fabricating an ultra-fine-grained (UFG) metal with micrometer- to nanometer-level grain structures. SPD methods can substantially refine grain size and represent a promising strategy for improving biological functionality and mechanical properties. This present review paper provides an overview of different SPD techniques developed to create nano-/ultra-fine-grain-structured Ti and stainless steel for improved biomedical implant applications. Furthermore, studies will be covered that have used SPD techniques to improve bone cell proliferation and function while decreasing bacterial colonization when cultured on such nano-grained metals (without resorting to antibiotic use).
金属材料因其高比强度、生物相容性、良好的耐腐蚀性能和抗疲劳性能而被广泛用于制造医用植入物。近年来，钛（Ti）及其合金以及不锈钢（SS）因其在人体内的生物相容性而受到研究人员的关注；然而，在保持其他有益性能不变的情况下改善机械性能仍然是必要的。严重塑性变形（SPD）是一种制造具有微米至纳米级晶粒结构的超细晶粒（UFG）金属的独特工艺。SPD方法可以大幅细化晶粒尺寸，是改善生物功能和机械性能的一种有前景的策略。本综述文章概述了为制造用于改进生物医学植入物应用的纳米/超细晶粒结构的钛和不锈钢而开发的不同SPD技术。此外，还将涵盖一些研究，这些研究使用SPD技术在这种纳米晶粒金属上培养时提高骨细胞增殖和功能，同时减少细菌定植（不使用抗生素）。
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