Vázquez-Gómez Marta, García-Contreras Consolación, Astiz Susana, Torres-Rovira Laura, Pesantez-Pacheco José Luis, Heras-Molina Ana, Castro Madrigal Teresa, López-Bote Clemente, Óvilo Cristina, González-Bulnes Antonio, Isabel Beatriz
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UCM, Av. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici V, Trav. dels Turons, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Mar 22;11(3):903. doi: 10.3390/ani11030903.
The use of amino acids during pregnancy, such as glutamine (Gln), seems to be a promising strategy in selected swine breeds to improve the offspring prenatal development. The main goal of the current study was to assess the development of the offspring from parity 1-3 sows of a traditional breed, which were supplemented with 1% glutamine after Day 35 of gestation, under farm conditions. A total of 486 (288 treated) piglets from 78 (46 treated) Iberian sows were used. At birth and slaughterhouse, fatty acid composition, metabolism, and mTOR pathway gene expression were analyzed. At birth, treated newborns showed greater amounts of specific amino acids in plasma, such as glutamine, asparagine, or alanine, and Σn-3 fatty acids in cellular membranes than control newborns. The expression of genes belonging to mTOR Complex 1 was also higher in treated piglets with normal birth-weight. However, these findings did not improve productive traits at birth or following periods in litters from supplemented gilts (parity 1) or sows (parities 2-3). Thus, further research is needed to properly understand the effects of prenatal glutamine supplementation, particularly in traditional swine breeds.
孕期使用氨基酸，如谷氨酰胺（Gln），似乎是一种有前景的策略，可用于特定猪种以改善后代的产前发育。本研究的主要目的是评估在农场条件下，对传统品种头胎至三胎母猪在妊娠第35天后补充1%谷氨酰胺后其后代的发育情况。共使用了来自78头（46头经处理）伊比利亚母猪的486头（288头经处理）仔猪。在出生时和屠宰场，分析了脂肪酸组成、代谢以及mTOR信号通路基因表达。出生时，与对照新生仔猪相比，经处理的新生仔猪血浆中特定氨基酸（如谷氨酰胺、天冬酰胺或丙氨酸）含量更高，细胞膜中Σn-3脂肪酸含量也更高。出生体重正常的经处理仔猪中，属于mTOR复合体1的基因表达也更高。然而，这些结果并未改善补充谷氨酰胺的后备母猪（头胎）或母猪（二胎至三胎）所产仔猪出生时或后续阶段的生产性能。因此，需要进一步研究以正确理解产前补充谷氨酰胺的影响，尤其是在传统猪种中。
