Altshuler L L, Wang X D, Qi H Q, Hua Q A, Wang W Q, Xia M L
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA Neuropsychiatric Hospital.
Am J Psychiatry. 1988 Jul;145(7):872-5. doi: 10.1176/ajp.145.7.872.
The authors gave DSM-III diagnoses to 116 Chinese psychiatric outpatients in Shanghai and compared them with the diagnoses of the same patients made by a Chinese psychiatrist according to Chinese criteria. Affective disorders were the most common DSM-III diagnoses, accounting for 26.7% of the sample. A full range of psychopathology, including schizophrenia, organic mental disorders, adjustment disorders, anxiety disorders, and paranoid disorders, was seen. Some consistent differences in diagnosis by Chinese and Western standards, especially in the area of major depression, were found. The authors discuss the implications for interpreting psychiatric studies from China and for future cross-cultural research comparing U.S. and Chinese diagnoses.
作者对上海116名中国精神科门诊患者进行了《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM - III）诊断，并将其与一位中国精神科医生依据中国标准对同一患者所做的诊断进行比较。情感障碍是DSM - III诊断中最常见的类型，占样本的26.7%。研究发现了包括精神分裂症、器质性精神障碍、适应障碍、焦虑障碍和偏执性障碍在内的一系列精神病理学表现。研究发现，在诊断方面，中国和西方标准存在一些一致的差异，尤其是在重度抑郁症领域。作者讨论了这些差异对解读来自中国的精神病学研究以及未来比较美国和中国诊断的跨文化研究的意义。
